Nitric oxides mediates a shift from early necrosis to late apoptosis in cytokine-treated β-cells that is associated with irreversible DNA damage. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009 Nov;297(5):E1187-96
Date
09/10/2009Pubmed ID
19738038Pubmed Central ID
PMC2781357DOI
10.1152/ajpendo.00214.2009Scopus ID
2-s2.0-70350451227 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 51 CitationsAbstract
For many cell types, including pancreatic β-cells, nitric oxide is a mediator of cell death; however, it is paradoxical that for a given cell type nitric oxide can induce both necrosis and apoptosis. This report tests the hypothesis that cell death mediated by nitric oxide shifts from an early necrotic to a late apoptotic event. Central to this transition is the ability of β-cells to respond and repair nitric oxide-mediated damage. β-Cells have the ability to repair DNA that is damaged following 24-h incubation with IL-1; however, cytokine-induced DNA damage becomes irreversible following 36-h incubation. This irreversible DNA damage following 36-h incubation with IL-1 correlates with the activation of caspase-3 (cleavage and activity). The increase in caspase activity correlates with reductions in endogenous nitric oxide production, as nitric oxide is an inhibitor of caspase activity. In contrast, caspase cleavage or activation is not observed under conditions in which β-cells are capable of repairing damaged DNA (24-h incubation with cytokines). These findings provide evidence that β-cell death in response to cytokines shifts from an early necrotic process to apoptosis and that this shift is associated with irreversible DNA damage and caspase-3 activation.
Author List
Hughes KJ, Chambers KT, Meares GP, Corbett JAAuthor
John A. Corbett PhD Professor in the Biochemistry department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsApoptosis
Caspase 3
Cell Death
Cell Separation
Comet Assay
Cytokines
DNA Damage
DNA Repair
Energy Metabolism
Enzyme Activation
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
In Vitro Techniques
Insulin-Secreting Cells
Interleukin-1
Male
Necrosis
Nitric Oxide
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
