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An update on the physiology of the components of the upper esophageal sphincter. Dysphagia 1994;9(4):229-32

Date

01/01/1994

Pubmed ID

7805421

DOI

10.1007/BF00301915

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-0028030589 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   27 Citations

Abstract

The upper esophageal sphincter is composed of both opening and closing muscles. The opening muscles include the thyrohyoideus and the geniohyoideus, and the closing muscles include the cricopharyngeus, thyropharyngeus, and cervical esophagus. The relative contribution of each muscle to the opening and closing of the UES varies with the physiologic state. Although the cricopharyngeus may be the primary muscle of the UES, it cannot account for all of the observed functions of the UES.

Author List

Lang IM, Shaker R

Authors

Ivan M. Lang DVM, PhD Adjunct Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Reza Shaker MD Assoc Provost, Sr Assoc Dean, Ctr Dir, Chief, Prof in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin




MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Arousal
Deglutition
Deglutition Disorders
Esophagogastric Junction
Humans
Posture
Respiration