Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and adaptive optics may detect hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity before symptomatic vision loss. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 2009 Dec;107:28-33
Date
02/04/2010Pubmed ID
20126479Pubmed Central ID
PMC2814561Scopus ID
2-s2.0-77949378551 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 63 CitationsAbstract
PURPOSE: To describe spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and adaptive optics (AO) imaging in hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity.
METHODS: Two patients with long-term hydroxychloroquine use, subtle perifoveal ophthalmoscopic pigmentary changes, and bilateral perifoveal defects on automated Humphrey visual field (HVF) 10-2 perimetry were imaged using SD-OCT and AO.
RESULTS: SD-OCT images demonstrated loss of photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction and a downward "sink-hole" displacement of inner retinal structures in areas of hydroxychloroquine toxicity corresponding to HVF 10-2 defects and ophthalmoscopic clinical examination findings. SD-OCT irregularities in the IS/OS junction were also seen in areas not detected on HVF 10-2. AO images showed disruption of the cone photoreceptor mosaic in areas corresponding to HVF 10-2 defects and SD-OCT IS/OS junction abnormalities. Additionally, irregularities in the cone photoreceptor density and mosaic were seen in areas with normal HVF 10-2 and SD-OCT findings.
CONCLUSIONS: SD-OCT and AO detected abnormalities that correlate topographically with visual field loss from hydroxychloroquine toxicity as demonstrated by HVF 10-2 and may be useful in the detection of subclinical abnormalities that precede symptoms or objective visual field loss.
Author List
Stepien KE, Han DP, Schell J, Godara P, Rha J, Carroll JAuthor
Joseph J. Carroll PhD Director, Professor in the Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Antirheumatic AgentsFemale
Fluorescein Angiography
Humans
Hydroxychloroquine
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
Middle Aged
Ophthalmoscopy
Optics and Photonics
Retina
Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells
Retinal Diseases
Retinal Pigments
Sjogren's Syndrome
Tomography, Optical Coherence
Vision Disorders
Visual Field Tests
Visual Fields