Faculty Collaboration Database

Interleukin-6 production by human bladder tumor cell lines is up-regulated by bacillus Calmette-Guérin through nuclear factor-kappaB and Ap-1 via an immediate early pathway. J Urol 2002 Aug;168(2):786-97

Date

07/20/2002

Pubmed ID

12131369

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-0036074780 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   36 Citations

Abstract

PURPOSE: The expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) by normal and malignant urothelium in response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) may have direct and indirect effects on the antitumor activity of BCG. We evaluated the molecular signaling pathway through which BCG induces IL-6 expression in human transitional cell carcinoma lines.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated IL-6 messenger RNA and protein expression by human transitional carcinoma cell lines in response to BCG. Pharmacological inhibition of protein synthesis was used to determine if BCG mediated IL-6 induction occurred via an immediate-early or delayed pathway. We used 5' deletion analysis and site directed mutagenesis to identify BCG responsive regions in the human IL-6 promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays were done to assess nuclear translocation of the putative signaling proteins AP-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in response to BCG.

RESULTS: BCG increased IL-6 messenger RNA and protein in a time and dose dependent manner. IL-6 induction by BCG occurred via an immediate-early response. Promoter analysis identified 2 areas in the -1,200 to 14, 5' region of the IL-6 gene, which when deleted were associated with significant losses of absolute or BCG responsive activity. Site specific mutation of putative AP-1 or NF-kappaB elements associated with each region demonstrated that these elements were necessary but not sufficient for BCG induced IL-6 transcription. Gel mobility shift assays showed that AP-1 and NF-kappaB were induced in response to BCG exposure.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that BCG induced IL-6 expression by human transitional cell neoplasms occurs as an immediate-early gene pathway that requires NF-kappaB and AP-1.

Author List

Chen FH, Crist SA, Zhang GJ, Iwamoto Y, See WA

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

BCG Vaccine
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Genes, Immediate-Early
Humans
Interleukin-6
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
NF-kappa B
RNA, Messenger
Transcription Factor AP-1
Transcription, Genetic
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Up-Regulation
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms