The structure, expression, and multifaceted role of immune-checkpoint protein VISTA as a critical regulator of anti-tumor immunity, autoimmunity, and inflammation. Cell Mol Immunol 2018 May;15(5):438-446
Date
01/30/2018Pubmed ID
29375120Pubmed Central ID
PMC6068175DOI
10.1038/cmi.2017.148Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85050984306 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 85 CitationsAbstract
Among various immunoregulatory molecules, the B7 family of immune-checkpoint receptors consists of highly valuable targets for cancer immunotherapy. Antibodies targeting two B7 family co-inhibitory receptors, CTLA-4 and PD-1, have elicited long-term clinical outcomes in previously refractory cancer types and are considered a breakthrough in cancer therapy. Despite the success, the relatively low response rate (20-30%) warrants efforts to identify and overcome additional immune-suppressive pathways. Among the expanding list of T cell inhibitory regulators, V domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is a unique B7 family checkpoint that regulates a broad spectrum of immune responses. Here, we summarize recent advances that highlight the structure, expression, and multi-faceted immunomodulatory mechanisms of VISTA in the context of autoimmunity, inflammation, and anti-tumor immunity.
Author List
Xu W, Hiếu T, Malarkannan S, Wang LAuthor
Subramaniam Malarkannan PhD Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsAutoimmunity
Humans
Inflammation
Lymphocyte Activation
Membrane Proteins
Neoplasms
T-Lymphocytes