Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factors. Lancet Neurol 2008 Sep;7(9):812-26
Date
08/01/2008Pubmed ID
18667359Pubmed Central ID
PMC2860610DOI
10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70169-8Scopus ID
2-s2.0-49049122193 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 952 CitationsAbstract
Despite mortality due to communicable diseases, poverty, and human conflicts, dementia incidence is destined to increase in the developing world in tandem with the ageing population. Current data from developing countries suggest that age-adjusted dementia prevalence estimates in 65 year olds are high (>or=5%) in certain Asian and Latin American countries, but consistently low (1-3%) in India and sub-Saharan Africa; Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60% whereas vascular dementia accounts for approximately 30% of the prevalence. Early-onset familial forms of dementia with single-gene defects occur in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Illiteracy remains a risk factor for dementia. The APOE epsilon4 allele does not influence dementia progression in sub-Saharan Africans. Vascular factors, such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes, are likely to increase the burden of dementia. Use of traditional diets and medicinal plant extracts might aid prevention and treatment. Dementia costs in developing countries are estimated to be US$73 billion yearly, but care demands social protection, which seems scarce in these regions.
Author List
Kalaria RN, Maestre GE, Arizaga R, Friedland RP, Galasko D, Hall K, Luchsinger JA, Ogunniyi A, Perry EK, Potocnik F, Prince M, Stewart R, Wimo A, Zhang ZX, Antuono P, World Federation of Neurology Dementia Research GroupAuthor
Piero G. Antuono MD Professor in the Neurology department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AgedAlzheimer Disease
Apolipoprotein E4
Comorbidity
Dementia, Vascular
Developing Countries
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
Incidence
Population Dynamics
Prevalence
Risk Factors
