Fragile X-related protein family: a double-edged sword in neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2020 Oct;55(5):409-424
Date
09/04/2020Pubmed ID
32878499Pubmed Central ID
PMC7695039DOI
10.1080/10409238.2020.1810621Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85090137717 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 22 CitationsAbstract
The fragile X-related (FXR) family proteins FMRP, FXR1, and FXR2 are RNA binding proteins that play a critical role in RNA metabolism, neuronal plasticity, and muscle development. These proteins share significant homology in their protein domains, which are functionally and structurally similar to each other. FXR family members are known to play an essential role in causing fragile X mental retardation syndrome (FXS), the most common genetic form of autism spectrum disorder. Recent advances in our understanding of this family of proteins have occurred in tandem with discoveries of great importance to neurological disorders and cancer biology via the identification of their novel RNA and protein targets. Herein, we review the FXR family of proteins as they pertain to FXS, other mental illnesses, and cancer. We emphasize recent findings and analyses that suggest contrasting functions of this protein family in FXS and tumorigenesis based on their expression patterns in human tissues. Finally, we discuss current gaps in our knowledge regarding the FXR protein family and their role in FXS and cancer and suggest future studies to facilitate bench to bedside translation of the findings.
Author List
Majumder M, Johnson RH, Palanisamy VAuthor
Roger H. Johnson PhD Associate Professor in the Biophysics department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Fragile X Mental Retardation ProteinFragile X Syndrome
Humans
Mutation
Neoplasms
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
RNA-Binding Proteins