Faculty Collaboration Database

In-hospital outcomes and prevalence of comorbidities in patients with infective endocarditis with and without heart blocks: Insight from the National Inpatient Sample. J Investig Med 2021 Feb;69(2):358-363

Date

10/30/2020

Pubmed ID

33115957

DOI

10.1136/jim-2020-001501

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85096067887 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   5 Citations

Abstract

Infective endocarditis (IE) complicated by heart block can have adverse outcomes and usually requires immediate surgical and cardiac interventions. Data on outcomes and trends in patients with IE with concurrent heart block are lacking. Patients with a primary diagnosis of IE with or without heart block were identified by querying the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project database, specifically the National Inpatient Sample for the years 2013 and 2014, based on International Classification of Diseases Clinical Modification Ninth Revision codes. During 2013 and 2014, a total of 18,733 patients were admitted with a primary diagnosis of IE, including 867 with concurrent heart blocks. Increased in-hospital mortality (13% vs 10.3%), length of stay (19 vs 14 days), and cost of care ($282,573 vs $223,559) were found for patients with IE complicated by heart block. Additionally, these patients were more likely to develop cardiogenic shock (8.9% vs 3.2%), acute kidney injury (40.1% vs 32.6%), and hematologic complications (19.3% vs 15.2%), and require placement of a pacemaker (30.6% vs 0.9%). IE and concurrent heart block resulted in increased requirement for aortic (25.7% vs 6.1%) and mitral (17.3% vs 4.2%) valvular replacements. Conclusion was made that IE with concurrent heart block worsens in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and cost for patients. Our analysis demonstrates an increase in cardiac procedures, specifically aortic and/or mitral valve replacements, and Implantable Cardiovascular Defibrillator/Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy/ Permanent Pacemaker (ICD/CRT/PPM) placement in IE with concurrent heart block. A close telemonitoring system and prompt interventions may represent a significant mitigation strategy to avoid the adverse outcomes observed in this study.

Author List

Jamal SM, Kichloo A, Albosta M, Bailey B, Singh J, Wani F, Shah Zaib M, Ahmad M, Khan MD, Soni R, Aljadah M, Khan HW, Khan M, Khan MZ

Author

Michael M. Aljadah MD Instructor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Comorbidity
Endocarditis
Heart Block
Hospital Mortality
Hospitals
Humans
Inpatients
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors