Functionalized polyanhydride nanoparticles for improved treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022 Feb;110(2):450-459
Date
07/28/2021Pubmed ID
34312984DOI
10.1002/jbm.b.34922Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85111244735 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 11 CitationsAbstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease affecting a large proportion of older adults. Exposure to pesticides like rotenone is a leading cause for PD. To reduce disease progression and prolong life expectancy, it is important to target disease mechanisms that contribute to dopaminergic neuronal atrophy, including mitochondrial dysfunction. Achieving targeted mitochondrial delivery is difficult for many therapeutics by themselves, necessitating higher therapeutic doses that could lead to toxicity. To minimize this adverse effect, targeted nano-carriers such as polyanhydride nanoparticles (NPs) can protect therapeutics from degradation and provide sustained release, enabling fewer administrations and lower therapeutic dose. This work expands upon the use of the polyanhydride NP platform for targeted drug delivery by functionalizing the polymer with a derivative of triphenylphosphonium called (3-carboxypropyl) triphenylphosphonium (CPTP) using a novel method that enables longer CPTP persistence on the NPs. The extent to which neurons internalized both nonfunctionalized and functionalized NPs was tested. Next, the efficacy of these nanoformulations in treating rotenone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the same cell line was evaluated using a novel neuroprotective drug, mito-metformin. CPTP functionalization significantly improved NP internalization by neuronal cells. This was correlated with significant protection by CPTP-functionalized, mito-metformin encapsulated NPs against rotenone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. However, nonfunctionalized, mito-metformin encapsulated NPs and soluble mito-metformin administered at the same dose did not significantly protect cells from rotenone-induced toxicity. These results indicate that the targeted NP platform can provide enhanced dose-sparing and potentially reduce the occurrence of systemic side-effects for PD therapeutics.
Author List
Schlichtmann BW, Kalyanaraman B, Schlichtmann RL, Panthani MG, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy AG, Mallapragada SK, Narasimhan BAuthor
Balaraman Kalyanaraman PhD Professor in the Biophysics department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AgedHumans
Mitochondria
Nanoparticles
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Polyanhydrides
Rotenone