Extracellular vesicle contents as non-invasive biomarkers in ovarian malignancies. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022 Sep 15;26:347-359
Date
09/13/2022Pubmed ID
36090475Pubmed Central ID
PMC9420349DOI
10.1016/j.omto.2022.08.005Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85136664501 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 2 CitationsAbstract
Ovarian cancer most commonly presents at an advanced stage where survival is approximately 30% compared with >80% if diagnosed and treated before disease spreads. Diagnostic capabilities have progressed from surgical staging via laparotomy to image-guided biopsies and immunohistochemistry staining, along with advances in technology and medicine. Despite improvements in diagnostic capabilities, population-level screening for ovarian cancer is not recommended. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 40-150 nm structures formed when the cellular lipid bilayer invaginates. These structures function in cell signaling, immune responses, cancer progression, and establishing the tumor microenvironment. EVs are found in nearly every bodily fluid, including serum, plasma, ascites, urine, and effusion fluid, and contain molecular cargo from their cell of origin. This cargo can be analyzed to yield information about a possible malignancy. In this review we describe how the cargo of EVs has been studied as biomarkers in ovarian cancer. We bring together studies analyzing evidence for various cargos as ovarian cancer biomarkers. Then, we describe the role of EVs in modulation of the tumor microenvironment. This review also summarizes the therapeutic and translational potential of EVs for their optimal utilization as non-invasive biomarkers for novel treatments against cancer.
Author List
McAlarnen LA, Gupta P, Singh R, Pradeep S, Chaluvally-Raghavan PAuthors
Pradeep Chaluvally-Raghavan PhD Associate Professor in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department at Medical College of WisconsinLindsey A. McAlarnen MD Gynecology Oncology Fellow in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
