Suicide and Self-Harm in Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A U.S. Virtual Pediatric Systems, LLC, Database Study of PICU Admissions, 2016-2021. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2024 Feb 01;25(2):e73-e81
Date
10/09/2023Pubmed ID
37812055DOI
10.1097/PCC.0000000000003381Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85182955162 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 2 CitationsAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To characterize the epidemiology of suicide and self-harm among adolescents admitted to PICUs during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.
DESIGN: Descriptive analysis of a large, multicenter, quality-controlled database (Virtual Pediatric Systems [VPS]), and of a national public health dataset (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention web-based Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiology Research [CDC WONDER]).
SETTING: The 69 PICUs participating in the VPS database that contributed data for the entire the study period, January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021.
PATIENTS: Adolescents older than 12 years to younger than 18 years old admitted to a participating PICU during the study period with a diagnosis involving self-harm or a suicide attempt (VPS sample), or adolescent suicide deaths over the same period (CDC WONDER sample).
INTERVENTIONS: None.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We identified 10,239 suicide deaths and 7,692 PICU admissions for self-harm, including 5,414 admissions in the pre-pandemic period (Q1-2016 to Q1-2020) and 2,278 in the pandemic period (Q2-2020 to Q4-2021). Compared with the pre-pandemic period, there was no increase in the median (interquartile range) number of suicide deaths per quarter (429 [399-453] vs. 416 [390-482]) or PICU admissions for self-harm per quarter (315 [289-353] vs. 310 [286-387]) during the pandemic period, respectively. There was an increase in the ratio of self-harm PICU admissions to all-cause PICU admissions per quarter during the pandemic (1.98 [1.43-2.12]) compared with the pre-pandemic period per quarter (1.59 [1.46-1.74]). We also observed a significant decrease in all-cause PICU admissions per quarter early in the pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period (16,026 [13,721-16,297] vs. 19,607 [18,371-20,581]).
CONCLUSIONS: The number of suicide deaths and PICU admissions per quarter for self-harm remained relatively constant during the pandemic, while the number of all-cause PICU admissions per quarter decreased compared with the pre-pandemic period. The resultant higher ratio of self-harm admissions to all-cause PICU admissions may have contributed to the perception that more adolescents required critical care for mental health-related conditions early in the pandemic.
Author List
McCluskey CK, Black TR, Zee-Cheng J, Klein MJ, Lin A, Rogerson CM, Carroll CL, Remy KE, Scanlon MC, Shein SL, Wright M, Rotta ATAuthor
Matthew C. Scanlon MD Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AdolescentChild
Databases, Factual
Humans
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
Multicenter Studies as Topic
Pandemics
Self-Injurious Behavior
Suicide
United States