Engagement and factors associated with annual anal human papillomavirus screening among sexual and gender minority individuals. medRxiv 2024 Apr 22
Date
05/07/2024Pubmed ID
38712301Pubmed Central ID
PMC11071571DOI
10.1101/2024.04.22.24306185Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Annual screening with a provider has been recommended for groups at highest risk for anal cancer. Anal self-sampling could help address screening barriers, yet no studies have examined annual engagement with this method.
METHODS: The Prevent Anal Cancer Self-Swab Study recruited sexual and gender minority individuals 25 years and over who have sex with men in Milwaukee, Wisconsin to participate in an anal cancer screening study. Participants were randomized to a home or clinic arm. Home-based participants were mailed an anal human papillomavirus self-sampling kit at baseline and 12 months, while clinic-based participants were asked to schedule and attend one of five participating clinics at baseline and 12 months. Using Poisson regression, we conducted an intention-to-treat analysis of 240 randomized participants who were invited to screen at both timepoints.
RESULTS: 58.8% of participants completed annual (median=370 days) anal screening. When stratified by HIV status, persons living with HIV had a higher proportion of home (71.1%) versus clinic (22.2%) annual screening ( p <0.001). Non-Hispanic Black participants had a higher proportion of home-based annual anal screening engagement (73.1%) compared to annual clinic screening engagement (31.6%) ( p =0.01). Overall, annual screening engagement was significantly higher among participants who had heard of anal cancer from an LGBTQ organization, reported "some" prior anal cancer knowledge, preferred an insertive anal sex position, and reported a prior cancer diagnosis. Annual screening engagement was significantly lower for participants reporting a medical condition.
CONCLUSIONS: Annual screening engagement among those at disproportionate anal cancer risk was higher in the home arm.
Author List
Nitkowski J, Ridolfi TJ, Lundeen SJ, Giuliano AR, Chiao E, Fernandez ME, Schick V, Smith JS, Bruggink P, Brzezinski B, Nyitray AGAuthors
Sarah J. Lundeen APP Outpatient in the Surgery department at Medical College of WisconsinAlan Nyitray PhD, MS Professor in the Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Timothy J. Ridolfi MD, MS Professor in the Surgery department at Medical College of Wisconsin
