A randomized clinical trial of dermal anesthesia by iontophoresis for peripheral intravenous catheter placement in children. Ann Emerg Med 1999 Apr;33(4):395-9
Date
03/27/1999Pubmed ID
10092716DOI
10.1016/s0196-0644(99)70302-1Scopus ID
2-s2.0-0032944989 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 58 CitationsAbstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of dermal anesthesia by lidocaine iontophoresis in children undergoing peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheter placement in the emergency department.
METHODS: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial was conducted at a tertiary children's hospital ED. Alert children 7 years or older requiring nonemergency PIV were eligible. Patients in the lidocaine group received 1 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine over a potential PIV site by iontophoresis. The control group received 1 mL of.9% saline solution with 1:100,000 epinephrine. After PIV placement, patients ranked the procedural pain using a visual analog scale. Complications were noted by visual inspection or telephone follow-up.
RESULTS: During a 6-month period, 22 patients were assigned to the lidocaine group and 25 to the control group. There was no significant difference in age, sex, or ethnic background between the 2 study groups, and mean application time was 12.0 minutes. The median pain score was.5 in the lidocaine group compared with 4 in the control group (P =.0002; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1 to 5). No significant immediate or delayed complications were observed.
CONCLUSION: Lidocaine iontophoresis provides effective dermal anesthesia for children older than 7 years of undergoing nonemergency PIV placement in the ED.
Author List
Kim MK, Kini NM, Troshynski TJ, Hennes HMAuthor
Todd J. Troshynski MD Associate Professor in the Anesthesiology department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Anesthesia, LocalCatheterization, Peripheral
Child
Double-Blind Method
Emergency Service, Hospital
Female
Hospitals, Pediatric
Humans
Iontophoresis
Lidocaine
Male
Patient Acceptance of Health Care
Treatment Outcome
