Preclinical Safety Assessment of Lepidium sativum L. Seed Extract and its Nanoparticles via Acute and Subacute Oral Administration. Recent Pat Nanotechnol 2024;18(3):350-360
Date
06/07/2024Pubmed ID
38847137DOI
10.2174/1872210517666230417103129Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85193479273 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 1 CitationAbstract
BACKGROUND: Lepidium sativum (LS) seed extract has various pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anticancer activities. However, the translation of L. sativum seed extract to the clinical phase is still tedious due to its bioavailability and stability issues. This problem can be solved by encapsulating it in a nanodelivery system to improve its therapeutic potency.
METHODS: In this study, we have determined and compared the in vivo toxicity of ethanolic extracts of L. sativum seeds (EELS) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). To conduct toxicity (acute and subacute toxicity) assessments, EELS and SLNs were orally administered to Swiss albino mice. Animal survival, body weight, the weight of vital organs in relation to body weight, haematological profile, biochemistry profile, and histopathological alterations were examined.
RESULTS: Animals administered with 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg in an acute toxicity study exhibited no toxicological symptoms regarding behaviour, gross pathology, and body weight. As per a study on acute toxicity, the LD50 (lethal dose) for SLNs and EELS was over 400 mg/kg and over 5000 mg/kg, respectively. When animals were given SLNs (50 and 100 mg/kg, orally) and EELS (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg, orally) for 28 days, subacute toxicity study did not exhibit any clinical changes. There were no differences in weight gain, haematological parameters, or biochemical parameters compared to the control groups (p > 0.05). The organs of the treated animals showed no abnormalities in the histological analysis (liver, heart, kidney, and spleen).
CONCLUSION: The result confirms ethanolic extracts of L. sativum seeds and their SLNs to not have harmful effects following acute and subacute administration to mice. For further studies, patents available on Lepidium may be referred for its preclinical and clinical applications.
Author List
Ahmad A, Mishra A, Nabi R, Ahmad IZAuthor
Rabia Nabi PhD Postdoctoral Researcher 3 in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Administration, OralAnimals
Female
Lepidium sativum
Lethal Dose 50
Male
Mice
Nanoparticles
Plant Extracts
Seeds
Toxicity Tests, Acute
Toxicity Tests, Subacute
