Engagement and Factors Associated With Annual Anal Human Papillomavirus Screening Among Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals. Sex Transm Dis 2025 Feb 01;52(2):94-101
Date
09/24/2024Pubmed ID
39316041Pubmed Central ID
PMC11711006DOI
10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002084Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85205295776 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although self-sampling could help address anal cancer screening barriers, no studies have investigated annual engagement with this method or compared it with annual screening with a provider. Building on our baseline article, we compared annual anal screening engagement between home-based self-sampling and clinic-based clinician sampling.
METHODS: The Prevent Anal Cancer Self-Swab Study recruited and randomized sexual and gender minority individuals 25 years and older who have sex with men to a home or clinic arm. Home-based participants were mailed an anal human papillomavirus self-sampling kit at baseline and 12 months, whereas clinic-based participants were asked to schedule and attend 1 of 5 participating clinics at baseline and 12 months. Using Poisson regression, we conducted an intention-to-treat analysis of 240 randomized participants who were invited to screen at both timepoints.
RESULTS: More than half (58.8%) of participants completed annual (median = 370 days) anal screening. In the home arm, 65.0% of participants engaged in annual screening compared with 52.5% of clinic-based participants ( P = 0.049). When stratified by HIV status, persons living with HIV had a higher proportion of home (71.1%) versus clinic (22.2%) annual screening ( P < 0.001). Non-Hispanic Black participants participated more in home-based annual anal screening (73.1%) than annual clinic screening (31.6%; P = 0.01). Overall, annual screening engagement was significantly higher among participants who had heard of anal cancer from an LGBTQ organization, reported "some" prior anal cancer knowledge, preferred an insertive anal sex position, and reported any prior cancer diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Annual screening engagement among those at disproportionate anal cancer risk was higher in the home arm.
Author List
Nitkowski J, Ridolfi TJ, Lundeen SJ, Giuliano AR, Chiao E, Fernandez ME, Schick V, Smith JS, Bruggink P, Brzezinski B, Nyitray AGAuthors
Sarah J. Lundeen NP APP Outpatient in the Surgery department at Medical College of WisconsinAlan Nyitray PhD Associate Professor in the Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Timothy J. Ridolfi MD, MS, FACS Associate Professor in the Surgery department at Medical College of Wisconsin
MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AdultAnal Canal
Anus Neoplasms
Early Detection of Cancer
Female
Homosexuality, Male
Humans
Male
Mass Screening
Middle Aged
Papillomaviridae
Papillomavirus Infections
Patient Acceptance of Health Care
Sexual and Gender Minorities
