Faculty Collaboration Database

Role of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 in acute and chronic virus infections. Virology 2025 Feb;603:110386

Date

01/05/2025

Pubmed ID

39754861

Pubmed Central ID

PMC11788042

DOI

10.1016/j.virol.2024.110386

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85214315999 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   5 Citations

Abstract

Decades of research have defined the function of interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) in the antiviral immune response. Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is the founding member of the IRF family, with recognized antiviral effects across diverse virus infections. While most antiviral activities of IRF-1 were defined in vitro, fewer studies examined the role of IRF-1 during viral infection of an intact host. Taking advantage of mouse models of global or cell type-specific IRF-1 deficiency, recent studies demonstrate intriguing virus- and cell type-specific functions of IRF-1 during in vivo infection, underlining the complexity of this ancient transcription factor. Here, we review the role of IRF-1 during acute and chronic viral infections of an intact host, with particular focus on relating observations found in mouse models to those observed in a recent study of pediatric patients with IRF-1 insufficiency. By appreciating the complexity of IRF-1 in the immune response, we highlight several virus- and cell type-specific functions of IRF-1 in contributing to host antiviral immunity.

Author List

Rahlf CR, Tarakanova VL

Author

Vera Tarakanova PhD Professor in the Microbiology and Immunology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Acute Disease
Animals
Chronic Disease
Disease Models, Animal
Humans
Interferon Regulatory Factor-1
Mice
Virus Diseases