In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility assessment of free radical scavenging nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020 Feb;108(2):301-315
Date
10/14/2019Pubmed ID
31606924Pubmed Central ID
PMC7700846DOI
10.1002/jbm.a.36816Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85074611174 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 42 CitationsAbstract
Bone is the second most transplanted tissue in the world, resulting in increased demand for bone grafts leading to the fabrication of synthetic scaffold grafting alternatives. Fracture sites are under increased oxidative stress after injuries, affecting osteoblast function and hindering fracture healing and remodeling. To counter oxidative stress, free radical scavenging agents, such as cerium oxide nanoparticles, have gained traction in tissue engineering. Toward the goal of developing a functional synthetic system for bone tissue engineering, we characterized the biocompatibility of a porous, bioactive, free radical scavenging nanocomposite scaffold composed of poly(1,8 octanediol-co-citrate), beta-tricalcium phosphate, and cerium oxide nanoparticles. We studied cellular and tissue compatibility utilizing in vitro and in vivo models to assess nanocomposite interactions with both human osteoblast cells and rat subcutaneous tissue. We found the scaffolds were biocompatible in both models and supported cell attachment, proliferation, mineralization, and infiltration. Using hydrogen peroxide, we simulated oxidative stress to study the protective properties of the nanocomposite scaffolds via a reduction in cytotoxicity and recovered mineralization of osteoblast cells in vitro. We also found after implantation in vivo the scaffolds exhibited biocompatible properties essential for successful scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Cells were able to infiltrate through the scaffolds, the surrounding tissues elicited a minimal immune response, and there were signs of scaffold degradation after 30 days of implantation. After the array of biological characterization, we had confirmed the development of a nanocomposite scaffold system capable of supporting bone-remodeling processes while providing a protective free radical scavenging effect.
Author List
Dulany K, Hepburn K, Goins A, Allen JBAuthor
Josephine Allen PhD, MS Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsBiocompatible Materials
Bone Regeneration
Calcium Phosphates
Cell Line
Cerium
Citric Acid
Free Radical Scavengers
Humans
Materials Testing
Nanocomposites
Osteoblasts
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Tissue Engineering
Tissue Scaffolds
