Optic neuropathy and diplopia from thyroid eye disease: update on pathophysiology and treatment. Curr Opin Neurol 2021 Feb 01;34(1):116-121
Date
12/06/2020Pubmed ID
33278144Pubmed Central ID
PMC7853658DOI
10.1097/WCO.0000000000000894Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85100069382 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 25 CitationsAbstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a disfiguring disease that can lead to neuro-ophthalmic manifestations including diplopia and optic neuropathy. The aim of this review is to shed light on the diagnosis of TED based on clinical examination findings and diagnostic imaging. We will also discuss gold standard as well as newly emerging therapies for TED.
RECENT FINDINGS: We discussed diagnostic criteria for TED and differentiating TED from other causes of binocular diplopia. We also reviewed the pathophysiology and differential diagnoses for dysthyroid optic neuropathy as well as recent developments on controversial causes. New imaging techniques are available for evaluation and prognosis of TED comorbidities. Most of the recent developments in TED have been focused on new treatment modalities that have thus far had promising results. We reviewed recently approved and novel potential therapies that are helpful in treating both diplopia and dysthyroid optic neuropathy.
SUMMARY: TED is a complicated disorder with many clinical manifestations as well as treatment modalities. Our aim of this review was to outline new developments in the diagnosis and management of TED.
Author List
Johnson BT, Jameyfield E, Aakalu VKAuthor
Vinay Kumar Aakalu MPH, MD Chair, Professor in the Ophthalmology department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Diagnostic Techniques, OphthalmologicalDiplopia
Graves Ophthalmopathy
Humans
Optic Nerve
Optic Nerve Diseases
Therapies, Investigational
