Chemokine cooperativity is caused by competitive glycosaminoglycan binding. J Immunol 2014 Apr 15;192(8):3908-3914
Date
03/19/2014Pubmed ID
24639348Pubmed Central ID
PMC4198333DOI
10.4049/jimmunol.1302159Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84898636375 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 26 CitationsAbstract
Chemokines comprise a family of secreted proteins that activate G protein-coupled chemokine receptors and thereby control the migration of leukocytes during inflammation or immune surveillance. The positional information required for such migratory behavior is governed by the binding of chemokines to membrane-tethered glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which establishes a chemokine concentration gradient. An often observed but incompletely understood behavior of chemokines is the ability of unrelated chemokines to enhance the potency with which another chemokine subtype can activate its cognate receptor. This phenomenon has been demonstrated to occur between many chemokine combinations and across several model systems and has been dubbed chemokine cooperativity. In this study, we have used GAG binding-deficient chemokine mutants and cell-based functional (migration) assays to demonstrate that chemokine cooperativity is caused by competitive binding of chemokines to GAGs. This mechanistic explanation of chemokine cooperativity provides insight into chemokine gradient formation in the context of inflammation, in which multiple chemokines are secreted simultaneously.
Author List
Verkaar F, van Offenbeek J, van der Lee MMC, van Lith LHCJ, Watts AO, Rops ALWMM, Aguilar DC, Ziarek JJ, van der Vlag J, Handel TM, Volkman BF, Proudfoot AEI, Vischer HF, Zaman GJR, Smit MJAuthor
Brian F. Volkman PhD Professor in the Biochemistry department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsBinding, Competitive
CHO Cells
Chemokine CCL19
Chemokine CCL21
Chemokine CXCL13
Chemokines
Chemotaxis
Cricetinae
Cricetulus
Glycosaminoglycans
Models, Biological
Protein Binding
Protein Multimerization
Receptors, Chemokine