Analysis of Plasminogen Genetic Variants in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. G3 (Bethesda) 2016 Jul 07;6(7):2073-9
Date
05/20/2016Pubmed ID
27194806Pubmed Central ID
PMC4938660DOI
10.1534/g3.116.030841Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84978422650 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 12 CitationsAbstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent neurological disease of complex etiology. Here, we describe the characterization of a multi-incident MS family that nominated a rare missense variant (p.G420D) in plasminogen (PLG) as a putative genetic risk factor for MS. Genotyping of PLG p.G420D (rs139071351) in 2160 MS patients, and 886 controls from Canada, identified 10 additional probands, two sporadic patients and one control with the variant. Segregation in families harboring the rs139071351 variant, identified p.G420D in 26 out of 30 family members diagnosed with MS, 14 unaffected parents, and 12 out of 30 family members not diagnosed with disease. Despite considerably reduced penetrance, linkage analysis supports cosegregation of PLG p.G420D and disease. Genotyping of PLG p.G420D in 14446 patients, and 8797 controls from Canada, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, and Austria failed to identify significant association with disease (P = 0.117), despite an overall higher prevalence in patients (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 0.93-1.87). To assess whether additional rare variants have an effect on MS risk, we sequenced PLG in 293 probands, and genotyped all rare variants in cases and controls. This analysis identified nine rare missense variants, and although three of them were exclusively observed in MS patients, segregation does not support pathogenicity. PLG is a plausible biological candidate for MS owing to its involvement in immune system response, blood-brain barrier permeability, and myelin degradation. Moreover, components of its activation cascade have been shown to present increased activity or expression in MS patients compared to controls; further studies are needed to clarify whether PLG is involved in MS susceptibility.
Author List
Sadovnick AD, Traboulsee AL, Bernales CQ, Ross JP, Forwell AL, Yee IM, Guillot-Noel L, Fontaine B, Cournu-Rebeix I, Alcina A, Fedetz M, Izquierdo G, Matesanz F, Hilven K, Dubois B, Goris A, Astobiza I, Alloza I, Antigüedad A, Vandenbroeck K, Akkad DA, Aktas O, Blaschke P, Buttmann M, Chan A, Epplen JT, Gerdes LA, Kroner A, Kubisch C, Kümpfel T, Lohse P, Rieckmann P, Zettl UK, Zipp F, Bertram L, Lill CM, Fernandez O, Urbaneja P, Leyva L, Alvarez-Cermeño JC, Arroyo R, Garagorri AM, García-Martínez A, Villar LM, Urcelay E, Malhotra S, Montalban X, Comabella M, Berger T, Fazekas F, Reindl M, Schmied MC, Zimprich A, Vilariño-Güell CAuthor
Antje Kroner-Milsch MD, PhD Associate Professor in the Neurosurgery department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AdultAged
Amino Acid Sequence
Case-Control Studies
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6
Exome
Female
Gene Expression
Genotype
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Multiple Sclerosis
Pedigree
Plasminogen
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Risk Factors
Sequence Alignment
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid