Faculty Collaboration Database

Hematopoietic cell transplant for acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome: conditioning regimen intensity. Blood Adv 2018 Aug 28;2(16):2095-2103

Date

08/24/2018

Pubmed ID

30135184

Pubmed Central ID

PMC6113615

DOI

10.1182/bloodadvances.2018021980

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85056694237 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   67 Citations

Abstract

In this study, we sought to identify specific individual high-intensity or reduced-intensity conditioning regimens with the best relapse-free survival (RFS) rather than the global high- vs reduced-intensity regimen comparison. Patients (median age, 58 years) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML; n = 1258), who were in first or subsequent remission, or with MDS (n = 951) who had refractory anemia with unilineage or multilineage dysplasia, 5q- syndrome, or refractory anemia with excess blasts received nonirradiation-containing regimens and were transplanted between 2009 and 2014 in the United States. Three-year RFS with high-intensity busulfan/cyclophosphamide (Bu4/Cy; 44%) was comparable to conditioning with high-intensity fludarabine/busulfan (Flu/Bu4; 44%), reduced-intensity fludarabine/melphalan (Flu/Mel; 52%; P = .53), and Flu/Mel + anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG; 44%; P = .38). RFS was lower with reduced-intensity Flu/Bu2 + ATG (31%; P = .0006). RFS was also lower with high-intensity Flu/Bu4 + ATG (38%; P = .05) and reduced-intensity Flu/Bu2 (38%; P = .02), although the difference did not reach the level of significance set for these analysis. RFS with Flu/Mel was superior to RFS with Flu/Bu2 (P = .01) and Flu/Bu2 + ATG (P = .0006). The 3-year incidence of relapse was 22% with Flu/Mel compared with 46% with Flu/Bu2 and 56% with Flu/Bu2 + ATG. With only a modest reduction in nonrelapse mortality with the Flu/Bu2 regimens, the higher relapse incidence resulted in lower RFS. The data support optimal RFS with Bu4/Cy, Flu/Bu4, and Flu/Mel regimens for AML in remission or MDS. The low relapse rate with reduced-intensity Flu/Mel resulted in RFS comparable to that after the higher-intensity regimens.

Author List

Eapen M, Brazauskas R, Hemmer M, Perez WS, Steinert P, Horowitz MM, Deeg HJ

Authors

Ruta Brazauskas PhD Associate Professor in the Data Science Institute department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Mary Eapen MBBS, DCh, MRCPI, MS Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Mary M. Horowitz MD, MS Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Patricia Steinert PhD Associate Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adolescent
Adult
Allografts
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Humans
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Male
Middle Aged
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Transplantation Conditioning