Faculty Collaboration Database

Marrow transplantation from unrelated donors for patients with severe aplastic anemia who have failed immunosuppressive therapy. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 1999;5(4):243-52

Date

08/28/1999

Pubmed ID

10465104

DOI

10.1053/bbmt.1999.v5.pm10465104

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-0032619794 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   79 Citations

Abstract

Allogeneic marrow transplantation offers curative therapy for patients with aplastic anemia. We analyzed retrospective results in 141 patients with severe aplastic anemia who received transplants between 1988 and 1995 from an unrelated volunteer donor identified through the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP). All patients had failed one or more courses of immunosuppressive therapy. Of the patients, 121 (86%) received a radiation-containing conditioning regimen, and 20 (14%) were given chemotherapy only. Based on serologic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing (class I and II), 105 patients (74%) received HLA-matched marrow, and 36 (26%) received marrow mismatched for at least one HLA-A, -B, or -DR antigen. Allele-level (molecular) typing for HLA-DRB1 was available in 108 donor-recipient pairs; 77 patients received DRB -matched and 31 DRB1-mismatched transplants. All but 13% of patients were given a cyclosporine-containing regimen for graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, and 45 patients (32%) received marrow that was T cell-depleted. Among 131 evaluable patients, 116 (89%) achieved sustained engraftment and 15 (11%) did not. Among patients with engraftment, acute GVHD of grades II-IV developed in 60 patients (52%) and extensive chronic GVHD in 24 patients at risk (31%). Currently, 51 patients (36%) are surviving at 11-94 months (median 36) after transplantation. All but five have Karnofsky scores > or =80. Patients who received a serologically matched transplant fared somewhat better than did patients given a serologically mismatched transplant p = 0.03). Patients with donors matched by both serology and allele-level DRB1 typing had significantly better survival than DRB1-mismatched patients with 56 vs. 15% surviving at 3 years p = 0.001). Outcome in patients transplanted within 3 years of diagnosis was superior to that among patients transplanted with greater delay. Major causes of death were graft failure, GVHD, and infections. These data suggest that unrelated marrow transplantation offers successful therapy for a proportion of patients who have failed immunosuppressive therapy.

Author List

Deeg HJ, Seidel K, Casper J, Anasetti C, Davies S, Gajeweski JL, Territo M, Ramsay N, Harris RE, Catro-Malaspina H, Collins R, Champlin R, Schoch G, King R, Howe C

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adolescent
Adult
Anemia, Aplastic
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Child
Female
Graft Survival
Graft vs Host Disease
Humans
Immunophenotyping
Immunosuppressive Agents
Male
Middle Aged
Regression Analysis
Survival Rate
Tissue Donors
Transplantation, Homologous
Treatment Outcome