"Milwaukee shoulder"--association of microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals, active collagenase, and neutral protease with rotator cuff defects. I. Clinical aspects. Arthritis Rheum 1981 Mar;24(3):464-73
Date
03/01/1981Pubmed ID
6260120DOI
10.1002/art.1780240303Scopus ID
2-s2.0-0019491203 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 208 CitationsAbstract
Four women, aged 63 to 90 years old, presented with mildly painful shoulders of decreased mobility or stability. Radiographic evidence of a complete tear of the fibrous rotator cuff was present in 7 of 8 shoulder joints. Microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals were seen by scanning electronmicroscopy in 12 of 13 synovial fluid samples. All synovial fluids showed activated collagenase and neutral protease activity. This constellation of findings represents a heretofore undescribed syndrome which we have designated "Milwaukee shoulder."
Author List
McCarty DJ, Halverson PB, Carrera GF, Brewer BJ, Kozin FMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AgedBone Resorption
Calcinosis
Female
Humans
Hydroxyapatites
Joint Diseases
Microbial Collagenase
Microscopy, Electron
Middle Aged
Peptide Hydrolases
Radiography
Shoulder Joint
Synovial Fluid
