Generation of orthotopic and heterotopic human pancreatic cancer xenografts in immunodeficient mice. Nat Protoc 2009;4(11):1670-80
Date
10/31/2009Pubmed ID
19876027Pubmed Central ID
PMC4203372DOI
10.1038/nprot.2009.171Scopus ID
2-s2.0-75549083749 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 333 CitationsAbstract
For decades, xenografts using well-established human tumor cell lines have been the most commonly used models to study human cancers in mice. More recently, human tumors implanted directly into immunodeficient mice have become increasingly popular as evidence accrues that they more accurately recapitulate features of patient tumors. Here we describe our protocols for the orthotopic and heterotopic implantation of pancreatic cancer cell lines and freshly isolated patient tumors into immunodeficient mice. We also describe procedures for the digestion of tumors into single-cell suspensions for the isolation of subpopulations of tumor cells. Orthotopic or heterotopic implantation of established cell lines requires 1-2 h, with 1-cm tumors arising after 2-5 weeks. Engraftment of patient tumor samples takes approximately 2 h and growth of palpable tumor requires approximately 14 weeks. Once established, direct xenograft tumors require 2 and 5 h for heterotopic and orthotopic implantation, respectively, and 5-6 weeks for palpable tumor growth.
Author List
Kim MP, Evans DB, Wang H, Abbruzzese JL, Fleming JB, Gallick GEAuthor
Douglas B. Evans MD Chair, Professor in the Surgery department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsCell Line, Tumor
Humans
Mice
Mice, Inbred NOD
Mice, SCID
Neoplasm Transplantation
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Time Factors
Transplantation, Heterologous
