Faculty Collaboration Database

The species specificity of growth hormone requires the cooperative interaction of two motifs. FEBS Lett 2000 Apr 28;472(2-3):276-82

Date

05/02/2000

Pubmed ID

10788626

DOI

10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01454-x

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-0034724849 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   7 Citations

Abstract

Primate growth hormones (GH) activate both primate and non-primate somatotrophic receptors (GH receptors), but non-primate GHs do not activate primate GH receptors. Previous studies argued the interaction of Asp(171) of human GH and Arg(43) of the receptor produced an attractive ionic interaction. In non-primate GHs, His(170) replaces the homologous Asp(171), producing a repulsive interaction with Arg(43) of the primate receptor which was believed to reduce the attraction of non-primate GH for the human GH receptor, thus providing species specificity. In this report, H170D bovine GH had activity and affinity for human GH receptors approaching those of human GH. In contrast, replacing Asp(171) of human GH with His did not significantly reduce somatotrophic activity, indicating that species specificity is not wholly explained by this residue's interaction with Arg(43) of the receptor. Deletion of either Phe(44) (a residue present only in primate GHs) or residues 32-46 (20-kDa form of human GH) each only marginally reduced somatotrophic activities. But the combination of the D171H mutation with either DeltaPhe(44) or Delta32-46 in human GH reduced binding and activity in a greater than additive fashion, indicated a functional interaction between these distant structural features. In bovine GH addition of phenylalanine at position 44 increased the somatotrophic activity and receptor affinity in cells containing the human GH receptor. The combination of the H170D mutation and the addition of phenylalanine at position 44 created a bovine GH with activity indistinguishable from wild-type human GH. Based on evidence from both bovine and human GHs, the cooperative interaction of these two distant motifs determined the species specificity and indicated that structural plasticity was a critical feature necessary for the species specificity of somatotrophic activity.

Author List

Peterson FC, Brooks CL

Author

Francis C. Peterson PhD Professor in the Biochemistry department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Animals
Binding Sites
Cattle
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Growth Hormone
Human Growth Hormone
Humans
Protein Binding
Receptors, Somatotropin
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Species Specificity
Spectrum Analysis