Faculty Collaboration Database

Preservation of nucleus basalis neurons containing choline acetyltransferase and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease. J Comp Neurol 1999 Sep 06;411(4):693-704

Date

07/28/1999

Pubmed ID

10421878

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-0033530073 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   236 Citations

Abstract

Immunocytochemistry for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) was used to examine the expression of these linked cholinergic markers in human basal forebrain, including cases with early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous neurochemical studies have measured decreased ChAT activity in terminal fields, but little change or even increased levels of VAChT. To determine total cholinergic neuron numbers in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM), stereologic methods were applied to tissue derived from three groups of individuals with varying levels of cognition: no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). Both markers were expressed robustly in nucleus basalis neurons and across all three groups. On average, there was no significant difference between the number of ChAT- (210,000) and VAChT- (174, 000) immunopositive neurons in the nbM per hemisphere in NCI cases for which the biological variation was calculated to be 17%. There was approximately a 15% nonsignificant reduction in the number of cholinergic neurons in the nbM in the AD cases with no decline in MCI cases. The number of ChAT- and VAChT-immunopositive neurons was shown to correlate significantly with the severity of dementia determined by scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination, but showed no relationship to apolipoprotein E allele status, age, gender, education, or postmortem interval when all clinical groups were combined or evaluated separately. These data suggest that cholinergic neurons, and the coexpression of ChAT and VAChT, are relatively preserved in early stages of AD.

Author List

Gilmor ML, Erickson JD, Varoqui H, Hersh LB, Bennett DA, Cochran EJ, Mufson EJ, Levey AI

Author

Elizabeth J. Cochran MD Adjunct Professor in the Pathology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Alzheimer Disease
Biomarkers
Carrier Proteins
Choline O-Acetyltransferase
Cognition Disorders
Disease Progression
Female
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Male
Membrane Transport Proteins
Nerve Tissue Proteins
Neurons
Substantia Innominata
Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins
Vesicular Transport Proteins