Static and dynamic bending responses of the human cervical spine. J Biomech Eng 1998 Dec;120(6):693-6
Date
07/21/1999Pubmed ID
10412450DOI
10.1115/1.2834880Scopus ID
2-s2.0-0032443819 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 23 CitationsAbstract
The quasi-static and dynamic bending responses of the human mid-lower cervical spine were determined using cadaver intervertebral joints fixed at the base to a six-axis load cell. Flexion bending moment was applied to the superior end of the specimen using an electrohydraulic piston. Each specimen was tested under three cycles of quasi-static load-unload and one high-speed dynamic load. A total of five specimens were included in this study. The maximum intervertebral rotation ranged from 11.0 to 15.4 deg for quasi-static tests and from 22.9 to 34.4 deg for dynamic tests. The resulting peak moments at the center of the intervertebral joint ranged from 3.8 to 6.9 Nm for quasi-static tests and from 14.0 to 31.8 Nm for dynamic tests. The quasi-static stiffness ranged from 0.80 to 1.35 Nm/deg with a mean of 1.03 Nm/deg (+/- 0.11 Nm/deg). The dynamic stiffness ranged from 1.08 to 2.00 Nm/deg with a mean of 1.50 Nm/deg (+/- 0.17 Nm/deg). The differences between the two stiffnesses were statistically significant (p < 0.01). Exponential functions were derived to describe the quasi-static and dynamic moment-rotation responses. These results provide input data for lumped-parameter models and validation data for finite element models to better investigate the biomechanics of the human cervical spine.
Author List
Voo LM, Pintar FA, Yoganandan N, Liu YKAuthors
Frank A. Pintar PhD Professor in the Biomedical Engineering department at Medical College of WisconsinNarayan Yoganandan PhD Professor in the Neurosurgery department at Medical College of Wisconsin
MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AgedAged, 80 and over
Bias
Cadaver
Cervical Vertebrae
Compressive Strength
Elasticity
Finite Element Analysis
Humans
Middle Aged
Models, Biological
Range of Motion, Articular
Reproducibility of Results
Rotation
Weight-Bearing
