BET bromodomain inhibition as a novel strategy for reactivation of HIV-1. J Leukoc Biol 2012 Dec;92(6):1147-54
Date
07/18/2012Pubmed ID
22802445Pubmed Central ID
PMC3501896DOI
10.1189/jlb.0312165Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84867758122 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 230 CitationsAbstract
The persistence of latent HIV-1 remains a major challenge in therapeutic efforts to eradicate infection. We report the capacity for HIV reactivation by a selective small molecule inhibitor of BET family bromodomains, JQ1, a promising therapeutic agent with antioncogenic properties. JQ1 reactivated HIV transcription in models of latent T cell infection and latent monocyte infection. We also tested the effect of exposure to JQ1 to allow recovery of replication-competent HIV from pools of resting CD4(+) T cells isolated from HIV-infected, ART-treated patients. In one of three patients, JQ1 allowed recovery of virus at a frequency above unstimulated conditions. JQ1 potently suppressed T cell proliferation with minimal cytotoxic effect. Transcriptional profiling of T cells with JQ1 showed potent down-regulation of T cell activation genes, including CD3, CD28, and CXCR4, similar to HDAC inhibitors, but JQ1 also showed potent up-regulation of chromatin modification genes, including SIRT1, HDAC6, and multiple lysine demethylases (KDMs). Thus, JQ1 reactivates HIV-1 while suppressing T cell activation genes and up-regulating histone modification genes predicted to favor increased Tat activity. Thus, JQ1 may be useful in studies of potentially novel mechanisms for transcriptional control as well as in translational efforts to identify therapeutic molecules to achieve viral eradication.
Author List
Banerjee C, Archin N, Michaels D, Belkina AC, Denis GV, Bradner J, Sebastiani P, Margolis DM, Montano MMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AzepinesCD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Cell Line
Cell Proliferation
Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly
Cluster Analysis
Gene Expression Regulation
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
HIV-1
Humans
Lymphocyte Activation
Monocyte-Macrophage Precursor Cells
Transcription, Genetic
Transcriptome
Triazoles
Virus Activation
Virus Latency
