Faculty Collaboration Database

Liver enzyme elevations within 3 months of diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and likelihood of liver disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014 Sep;59(3):321-3

Date

05/07/2014

Pubmed ID

24796799

DOI

10.1097/MPG.0000000000000409

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-84907599001 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   20 Citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease-associated liver diseases (IBD-LDs) include autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and an overlap syndrome. Prospective unbiased multicenter data regarding the frequency of IBD-LD in patients with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are lacking. We examined early alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) elevations in children diagnosed as having IBD and assessed the likelihood of IBD-LD.

METHODS: Data collected from the prospective observational Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Collaborative Research Group Registry enrolling children of age <16 years within 30 days of diagnosis. AIH, PSC, and overlap syndrome were diagnosed using local institutional criteria.

RESULTS: A total of 1569 subjects had liver enzymes available. Of the total, 757 had both ALT and GGT, 800 had ALT only (no GGT), and 12 had GGT only (no ALT). Overall, 29 of 1569 patients (1.8%) had IBD-LD. IBD-LD was diagnosed in 1 of 661 (0.15%) of patients with both ALT and GGT ≤ 50 IU/L compared with 21 of 42 (50%) of patients with both ALT and GGT > 50 (odds ratio 660, P < 0.0001). Of the 29 patients with IBD-LD, 21 had PSC, 2 had AIH, and 6 had overlap syndrome. IBD-LD was more common in patients with ulcerative colitis and IBD-unclassified (indeterminate colitis) than in those with Crohn disease (4% vs 0.8%, respectively, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Elevation of both ALT and GGT within 90 days after the diagnosis of IBD is associated with a markedly increased likelihood of IBD-LD. Both ALT and GGT levels should be measured in all of the pediatric patients newly diagnosed as having IBD.

Author List

Goyal A, Hyams JS, Lerer T, Leleiko NS, Otley AR, Griffiths AM, Rosh JR, Cabrera JM, Oliva-Hemker MM, Mack DR, Rick JN, Pfefferkorn MD, Carvalho R, Grossman AB, Hitch MC, Sudel B, Kappelman MD, Saeed SA, Faubion WA, Schaefer ME, Markowitz JF, Keljo DJ, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Collaborative Research Group

Author

Jose Mariano Cabrera MD Associate Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adolescent
Alanine Transaminase
Child
Cholangitis, Sclerosing
Colitis, Ulcerative
Crohn Disease
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Hepatitis, Autoimmune
Humans
Male
Prospective Studies
Time Factors
gamma-Glutamyltransferase