Faculty Collaboration Database

Trends in cardiovascular risk factor and disease prevalence in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Heart 2018 Jul;104(14):1180-1186

Date

01/07/2018

Pubmed ID

29305561

Pubmed Central ID

PMC6102124

DOI

10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312391

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85049144814 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   84 Citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular risk factors are prevalent in the population undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Changes in perioperative cardiovascular risk factor profiles over time are unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate national trends in cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.

METHODS: Adults aged ≥45 years old who underwent non-cardiac surgery were identified using the US National Inpatient Sample from 2004 to 2013. The prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity and chronic kidney disease) and ASCVD (coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease and prior stroke] were evaluated over time.

RESULTS: A total of 10 581 621 hospitalisations for major non-cardiac surgery were identified. Between 2008 and 2013, ≥2 cardiovascular risk factors and ASCVD were present in 44.5% and 24.3% of cases, respectively. Over time, the prevalence of multiple (≥2) cardiovascular risk factors increased from 40.5% in 2008-2009 to 48.2% in 2012-2013, P<0.001. The proportion of patients with coronary artery disease (17.2% in 2004-2005 vs 18.2% in 2012-2013, P<0.001), peripheral artery disease (6.3% in 2004-2005 vs 7.4% in 2012-2013, P<0.001) and prior stroke (3.5% in 2008-2009 vs 4.7% 2012-2013, P<0.001) also increased over time. The proportion of patients with a modified Revised Cardiac Risk Index score ≥3 increased from 6.6% in 2008-2009 to 7.7% in 2012-2013 (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Among patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery, the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and the prevalence of ASCVD increased over time. Adverse trends in risk profiles require continued attention to improve perioperative cardiovascular outcomes.

Author List

Smilowitz NR, Gupta N, Guo Y, Beckman JA, Bangalore S, Berger JS

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Aged
Coronary Artery Disease
Diabetes Mellitus
Dyslipidemias
Female
Health Surveys
Hospitalization
Humans
Hypertension
Male
Myocardial Infarction
Obesity
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Prevalence
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Risk Factors
Stroke
Surgical Procedures, Operative
United States