Repression of BK virus infection of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells by pravastatin. Transplantation 2008 May 15;85(9):1311-7
Date
05/14/2008Pubmed ID
18475189Pubmed Central ID
PMC3796953DOI
10.1097/TP.0b013e31816c4ec5Scopus ID
2-s2.0-43449119833 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 23 CitationsAbstract
BACKGROUND: BK virus (BKV), a human polyomavirus, causes BKV nephritis, which often leads to graft loss after renal transplantation. Currently, the only efficient therapy against BKV nephritis seems to be a reduction or change of immunosuppressive agents, but this may increase the inherent risk of rejection. Here, we report the ability of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin), which is routinely used to treat hypercholesterolemia, to repress BKV entry pathways in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HRPTEC) and, correspondently, prevent BKV infection.
METHODS: HRPTEC were co-incubated with BKV and pravastatin. Then the percentage of HRPTEC infected with BKV by immunofluorescent analysis and large T-antigen expression which suggested BKV infection by Western blots was assessed in the absence and presence of pravastatin. The distribution of purified and labeled BKV particles in the presence and absence of pravastatin was also investigated.
RESULTS: Both the percentage of BKV infected cells and the large T-antigen expression were significantly decreased in HRPTEC pretreated and co-incubated with pravastatin. However, when pravastatin was added 72 hr after BKV infection it failed to decrease percentage of BKV infected cells. It is likely, that pravastatin's inhibitory effect is explained by depletion of caveolin-1, a critical element of caveolae. BKV enters HRPTEC by caveolar-mediated endocytosis. We provide evidence that pravastatin dramatically decreased caveolin-1 expression in HRPTEC and interfered with internalization of labeled BKV particles.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that pravastatin, acting through depletion of caveolin-1, prevented caveolar-dependent BKV internalization and repressed BKV infection of HRPTEC.
Author List
Moriyama T, Sorokin AAuthor
Andrey Sorokin PhD Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
BK VirusCaveolin 1
Epithelial Cells
Humans
Kidney Tubules, Proximal
Polyomavirus Infections
Pravastatin
Tumor Virus Infections
