Faculty Collaboration Database

Impact of warm versus cold ischemia on renal function following partial nephrectomy. World J Urol 2015 Mar;33(3):351-7

Date

05/13/2014

Pubmed ID

24817142

DOI

10.1007/s00345-014-1315-4

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-84939873748 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   12 Citations

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: We evaluated renal function following partial nephrectomy with cold ischemia (CI) versus warm ischemia (WI).

METHODS: Data were collected from 1,396 patients at six institutions who underwent partial nephrectomy for a renal mass with normal contralateral kidney to evaluate percent change in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at 3-18 months. A multivariate linear regression model tested the association of percent change GFR with clinical, operative, and pathologic factors.

RESULTS: A total of 874 patients (63 %) underwent PN with CI and 522 (37 %) with WI. All patients undergoing laparoscopic and robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (n = 443) had WI, whereas 92 % of open partial nephrectomy patients (n = 953) had CI. The CI group had a lower mean baseline GFR (72 vs. 80 ml/min/1.73 m(2)), longer median ischemia time (33 vs. 29 min), and larger mean tumor size (3.2 vs. 2.9 cm) with more advanced pathologic stage (T1b-T3: 25 vs. 16 %) (all p values <0.001). Patients with CI and WI demonstrated 12.3 and 10.1 % reductions in renal function from baseline, respectively (p = 0.067). Increasing age, female gender, and increasing tumor size were associated with reduction in renal function (all p values <0.001). Neither renal hypothermia nor operative technique independently predicted reduced renal function. Sensitivity analyses limited to ischemia time >30 min, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), or tumors >4 cm did not significantly alter the findings.

CONCLUSIONS: Increasing age, female gender, and larger tumor size independently predict a decrease in renal function following partial nephrectomy with a normal contralateral kidney. Within the limitations of a non-randomized comparison, including lack of parenchymal preservation percentage, neither surgical approach (open or laparoscopic) nor presence of hypothermia appears to be associated with long-term renal function.

Author List

Eggener SE, Clark MA, Shikanov S, Smith B, Kaag M, Russo P, Wheat JC, Wolf JS Jr, Matin SF, Huang WC, Harel M, Cambio J, Shalhav AL, Raman JD

Author

Melanie A. Clark MD Associate Professor in the Dermatology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
Cold Ischemia
Female
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Humans
Kidney
Kidney Neoplasms
Linear Models
Male
Middle Aged
Nephrectomy
Sex Factors
Treatment Outcome
Tumor Burden
Warm Ischemia