Signal Propagation in the Human Visual Pathways: An Effective Connectivity Analysis. J Neurosci 2015 Sep 30;35(39):13501-10
Date
10/02/2015Pubmed ID
26424894Pubmed Central ID
PMC6605472DOI
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2269-15.2015Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84942911174 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 13 CitationsAbstract
Although the visual system has been extensively investigated, an integrated account of the spatiotemporal dynamics of long-range signal propagation along the human visual pathways is not completely known or validated. In this work, we used dynamic causal modeling approach to provide insights into the underlying neural circuit dynamics of pattern reversal visual-evoked potentials extracted from concurrent EEG-fMRI data. A recurrent forward-backward connectivity model, consisting of multiple interacting brain regions identified by EEG source localization aided by fMRI spatial priors, best accounted for the data dynamics. Sources were first identified in the thalamic area, primary visual cortex, as well as higher cortical areas along the ventral and dorsal visual processing streams. Consistent with hierarchical early visual processing, the model disclosed and quantified the neural temporal dynamics across the identified activity sources. This signal propagation is dominated by a feedforward process, but we also found weaker effective feedback connectivity. Using effective connectivity analysis, the optimal dynamic causal modeling revealed enhanced connectivity along the dorsal pathway but slightly suppressed connectivity along the ventral pathway. A bias was also found in favor of the right hemisphere consistent with functional attentional asymmetry. This study validates, for the first time, the long-range signal propagation timing in the human visual pathways. A similar modeling approach can potentially be used to understand other cognitive processes and dysfunctions in signal propagation in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Significance statement: An integrated account of long-range visual signal propagation in the human brain is currently incomplete. Using computational neural modeling on our acquired concurrent EEG-fMRI data under a visual evoked task, we found not only a substantial forward propagation toward "higher-order" brain regions but also a weaker backward propagation. Asymmetry in our model's long-range connectivity accounted for the various observed activity biases. Importantly, the model disclosed the timing of signal propagation across these connectivity pathways and validates, for the first time, long-range signal propagation in the human visual system. A similar modeling approach could be used to identify neural pathways for other cognitive processes and their dysfunctions in brain disorders.
Author List
Youssofzadeh V, Prasad G, Fagan AJ, Reilly RB, Martens S, Meaney JF, Wong-Lin KAuthor
Vahab Youssofzadeh PhD Assistant Professor in the Neurology department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AdultBrain Mapping
Cerebral Cortex
Electroencephalography
Evoked Potentials, Visual
Feedback, Sensory
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Models, Neurological
Neural Pathways
Thalamus
Visual Cortex
Visual Pathways
Young Adult
