Faculty Collaboration Database

Depression and increased risk of death in adults with stroke. J Psychosom Res 2010 Jun;68(6):545-51

Date

05/22/2010

Pubmed ID

20488271

Pubmed Central ID

PMC2874721

DOI

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.11.006

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-77952959268 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   90 Citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Depression is a common condition among individuals with stroke and believed to influence post-stroke mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of depression on all-cause mortality among adults with and without a history of stroke.

METHODS: We studied 10,025 participants in the population-based National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study who were alive and interviewed in 1982 and had complete data for the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Four groups were created based on history of stroke and depression status in 1982: (1) no stroke, no depression (reference group); (2) no stroke, depression present; (3) history of stroke, no depression; and (4) history of stroke present, depression present. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of death for each group compared with the reference group.

RESULTS: Over 8 years (83,624 person-years of follow-up), 1,925 deaths were documented. Mortality rate per 1,000 person-years of follow-up was highest in the group with both a history of stroke and depression. Compared with the reference group, HRs for all-cause mortality were: no stroke, depression present, 1.23 (95% CI 1.08-1.40); stroke present, no depression 1.74 (1.06-2.85); and stroke present, depression present, 1.88 (1.27-2.79).

CONCLUSIONS: The coexistence of stroke and depression increases the risk of death; however, the combined effect is less than additive.

Author List

Ellis C, Zhao Y, Egede LE

Author

Leonard E. Egede MD Center Director, Chief, Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adult
Aged
Cause of Death
Cohort Studies
Comorbidity
Depressive Disorder
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Health Surveys
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis
Proportional Hazards Models
Risk
Socioeconomic Factors
Stroke
Survival Analysis