Faculty Collaboration Database

Risk Factors and Outcomes of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer in Children and Young Adults. J Pediatr 2019 Aug;211:152-158

Date

05/20/2019

Pubmed ID

31103258

Pubmed Central ID

PMC7916541

DOI

10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.04.017

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85065573437 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   20 Citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) occurrence and survival in children.

STUDY DESIGN: This was a multicenter, retrospective, case-control study of patients <20 years of age diagnosed with NMSC between 1995 and 2015 from 11 academic medical centers. The primary outcome measure was frequency of cases and controls with predisposing genetic conditions and/or iatrogenic exposures, including chemotherapy, radiation, systemic immunosuppression, and voriconazole.

RESULTS: Of the 124 children with NMSC (40 with basal cell carcinoma, 90 with squamous cell carcinoma), 70% had at least 1 identifiable risk factor. Forty-four percent of the cases had a predisposing genetic condition or skin lesion, and 29% had 1 or more iatrogenic exposures of prolonged immunosuppression, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and/or voriconazole use. Prolonged immunosuppression and voriconazole use were associated with squamous cell carcinoma occurrence (cases vs controls; 30% vs 0%, P = .0002, and 15% vs 0%, P = .03, respectively), and radiation therapy and chemotherapy were associated with basal cell carcinoma occurrence (both 20% vs 1%, P < .0001). Forty-eight percent of initial skin cancers had been present for >12 months prior to diagnosis and 49% of patients were diagnosed with ≥2 skin cancers. At last follow-up, 5% (6 of 124) of patients with NMSC died. Voriconazole exposure was noted in 7 cases and associated with worse 3-year overall survival (P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS: NMSC in children and young adults is often associated with a predisposing condition or iatrogenic exposure. High-risk patients should be identified early to provide appropriate counseling and management.

Author List

Huang JT, Coughlin CC, Hawryluk EB, Hook K, Humphrey SR, Kruse L, Lawley L, Al-Sayegh H, London WB, Marghoob A, Phung TL, Pope E, Gerami P, Schmidt B, Robinson S, Bartenstein D, Bahrani E, Brahmbhatt M, Chen L, Haddock E, Mansour D, Nguyen J, Raisanen T, Tran G, Travis K, Wolner Z, Eichenfield LF

Author

Stephen R. Humphrey MD Associate Professor in the Dermatology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adolescent
Antifungal Agents
Antineoplastic Agents
Carcinoma, Basal Cell
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
Immunosuppressive Agents
Infant
Male
Radiotherapy
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Skin Neoplasms
United States
Voriconazole
Young Adult