Faculty Collaboration Database

Impact of diabetes mellitus on outcomes of superficial femoral artery endoluminal interventions. J Vasc Surg 2007 Nov;46(5):946-958; discussion 958

Date

11/06/2007

Pubmed ID

17980281

DOI

10.1016/j.jvs.2007.06.047

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-35548942218 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   77 Citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although aggressive endoluminal therapy for superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusive disease is commonplace, the implications of diabetes mellitus (DM) on long-term outcomes in this population are unclear. We examined the consequences of endovascular treatment of the SFA in patients with and without DM.

METHODS: A database of patients undergoing endovascular treatment of the SFA between 1986 and 2005 was maintained. Three groups were defined: nondiabetic patients, those with non-insulin-dependent DM (NIDDM), and those with insulin-dependent DM (IDDM). Intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results were standardized to TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) and Society for Vascular Surgery criteria. Time-dependent outcomes were assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. Factor analyses were performed using a Cox proportional hazard model for time-dependent variables. Data are presented as mean +/- SD where appropriate.

RESULTS: Endovascular treatment (ie, balloon angioplasty +/- adjuvant stenting in 38%) was initiated in 525 limbs in 437 patients (68% male; average age, 66 +/- 14 years) for claudication failing conservative therapy or chronic critical limb ischemia (CLI). Of these, 50% were nondiabetic, 26% had NIDDM, and 24% had IDDM. Analyses were separated by those presenting with claudication (61%) and those presenting with CLI (39%). Among patients presenting with claudication, those with IDDM had significantly lower assisted primary patency (P < .01) and a higher incidence of restenosis (P = .04). Patencies at 3 years for nondiabetic, NIDDM, and IDDM were 62%, 72%, and 54% (primary), and 81%, 86%, and 65% (assisted primary), respectively. Patency and restenosis rates were associated with lesion calcification, TASC D lesion categorization, and acute periprocedural occlusion. Among patients presenting with CLI, patency and restenosis rates were equivalent across all groups; however, limb salvage was significantly worse for both groups of diabetic patients compared with nondiabetic (NIDDM, P = .01; IDDM, P = .02). Reduction in limb salvage rates was associated with presence of tissue loss at presentation, end-stage renal disease, and progression of distal disease on follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS: Endoluminal therapy for SFA occlusive disease yields lower assisted patency rates and higher restenosis rates for those patients presenting with claudication who have more advanced diabetes (ie, IDDM). Among those patients presenting with CLI, particularly those with tissue loss, limb salvage rates are lowered for the diabetic groups (NIDDM and IDDM) despite equivalent patency and restenosis rates.

Author List

Bakken AM, Palchik E, Hart JP, Rhodes JM, Saad WE, Davies MG

Author

Joseph Hart MD Associate Professor in the Surgery department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Aged
Angioplasty, Balloon
Chronic Disease
Comorbidity
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diabetic Angiopathies
Female
Femoral Artery
Heart Failure
Humans
Hyperlipidemias
Intermittent Claudication
Ischemia
Leg
Limb Salvage
Male
Middle Aged
Stents
Vascular Patency