Faculty Collaboration Database

Comparison of Covered Versus Uncovered Stents for Benign Superior Vena Cava (SVC) Obstruction. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2018 May;41(5):712-717

Date

03/02/2018

Pubmed ID

29492630

Pubmed Central ID

PMC8108479

DOI

10.1007/s00270-018-1906-3

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85042603481 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   19 Citations

Abstract

PURPOSE: To identify whether long-term symptom relief and stent patency vary with the use of covered versus uncovered stents for the treatment of benign SVC obstruction.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively identified all patients with benign SVC syndrome treated to stent placement between January 2003 and December 2015 (n = 59). Only cases with both clinical and imaging follow-up were included (n = 47). In 33 (70%) of the patients, the obstruction was due to a central line or pacemaker wires, and in 14 (30%), the cause was fibrosing mediastinitis. Covered stents were placed in 17 (36%) of the patients, and 30 (64%) patients had an uncovered stent. Clinical and treatment outcomes, complications, and the percent stenosis of each stent were evaluated.

RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in all cases at first attempt. Average clinical and imaging follow-up in years was 2.7 (range 0.1-11.1) (covered) and 1.7 (range 0.2-10.5) (uncovered), respectively. There was a significant difference (p = 0.044) in the number of patients who reported a return of symptoms between the covered (5/17 or 29.4%) and uncovered (18/30 or 60%) groups. There was also a significant difference (p = < 0.001) in the mean percent stenosis after stent placement between the covered [17.9% (range 0-100) ± 26.2] and uncovered [48.3% (range 6.8-100) ± 33.5] groups. No significant difference (p = 0.227) was found in the time (days) between the date of the procedure and the date of clinical follow-up where a return of symptoms was reported [covered: 426.6 (range 28-1554) ± 633.9 and uncovered 778.1 (range 23-3851) ± 1066.8]. One patient in the uncovered group had non-endovascular surgical intervention (innominate to right atrial bypass), while none in the covered group required surgical intervention. One major complication (SIR grade C) occurred that consisted of a pericardial hemorrhagic effusion after angioplasty that required covered stent placement. There were no procedure-related deaths.

CONCLUSION: Both covered and uncovered stents can be used for treating benign SVC syndrome. Covered stents, however, may be a more effective option at providing symptom relief and maintaining stent patency if validated by further studies.

Author List

Haddad MM, Simmons B, McPhail IR, Kalra M, Neisen MJ, Johnson MP, Stockland AH, Andrews JC, Misra S, Bjarnason H

Author

Mustafa Haddad MD Assistant Professor in the Radiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adult
Aged
Computed Tomography Angiography
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Prosthesis Design
Retrospective Studies
Stents
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Treatment Outcome
Vascular Patency
Vena Cava, Superior
Young Adult