Changes in Pediatric ICU Utilization and Clinical Trends During the Coronavirus Pandemic. Chest 2021 Aug;160(2):529-537
Date
03/18/2021Pubmed ID
33727033Pubmed Central ID
PMC7954775DOI
10.1016/j.chest.2021.03.004Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85108084439 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 34 CitationsAbstract
BACKGROUND: Children have been less affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, but its repercussions on pediatric illnesses may have been significant. This study examines the indirect impact of the pandemic on a population of critically ill children in the United States.
RESEARCH QUESTION: Were there significantly fewer critically ill children admitted to PICUs during the second quarter of 2020, and were there significant changes in the types of diseases admitted?
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study used the Virtual Pediatric Systems database. Participants were 160,295 children admitted to the PICU at 77 sites in the United States during quarters 1 (Q1) and 2 (Q2) of 2017 to 2019 (pre-COVID-19) and 2020 (COVID-19).
RESULTS: The average number of admissions was similar between pre-COVID-19 Q1 and COVID-19 Q1 but decreased by 32% from pre-COVID-19 Q2 to COVID-19 Q2 (20,157 to 13,627 admissions per quarter). The largest decreases were in respiratory conditions, including asthma (1,327 subjects in pre-COVID-19 Q2 (6.6% of patients) vs 241 subjects in COVID-19 Q2 (1.8%; P < .001) and bronchiolitis (1,299 [6.5%] vs 121 [0.9%]; P < .001). The percentage of trauma admissions increased, although the raw number of trauma admissions decreased. Admissions for diabetes mellitus and poisoning/ingestion also increased. In the multivariable model, illness severity-adjusted odds of ICU mortality for PICU patients during COVID-19 Q2 increased compared with pre-COVID-19 Q2 (OR, 1.165; 95% CI, 1.00-1.357; P = .049).
INTERPRETATION: Pediatric critical illness admissions decreased substantially during the second quarter of 2020, with significant changes in the types of diseases seen in PICUs in the United States. There was an increase in mortality in children admitted to the PICU during this period.
Author List
Zee-Cheng JE, McCluskey CK, Klein MJ, Scanlon MC, Rotta AT, Shein SL, Pineda JA, Remy KE, Carroll CLAuthor
Matthew C. Scanlon MD Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AdolescentChild
Child, Preschool
Cohort Studies
Female
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
Male
Retrospective Studies
United States
