Computed tomography-defined abdominal adiposity is associated with acute kidney injury in critically ill trauma patients*. Crit Care Med 2014 Jul;42(7):1619-28
Date
04/30/2014Pubmed ID
24776609Pubmed Central ID
PMC4230013DOI
10.1097/CCM.0000000000000306Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84902547019 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 32 CitationsAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Higher body mass index is associated with increased risk of acute kidney injury after major trauma. Since body mass index is nonspecific, reflecting lean, fluid, and adipose mass, we evaluated the use of CT to determine if abdominal adiposity underlies the body mass index-acute kidney injury association.
DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.
SETTING: Level I Trauma Center of a university hospital.
PATIENTS: Patients older than 13 years with an Injury Severity Score greater than or equal to 16 admitted to the trauma ICU were followed for development of acute kidney injury over 5 days. Those with isolated severe head injury or on chronic dialysis were excluded.
INTERVENTIONS: None.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Clinical, anthropometric, and demographic variables were collected prospectively. CT images at the level of the L4-5 intervertebral disc space were extracted from the medical record and used by two operators to quantitate visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas. Acute kidney injury was defined by Acute Kidney Injury Network creatinine and dialysis criteria. Of 400 subjects, 327 (81.8%) had CT scans suitable for analysis: 264 of 285 (92.6%) blunt trauma subjects and 63 of 115 (54.8%) penetrating trauma subjects. Visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas were highly correlated between operators (intraclass correlation > 0.99, p < 0.001 for each) and within operator (intraclass correlation > 0.99, p < 0.001 for each). In multivariable analysis, the standardized risk of acute kidney injury was 15.1% (95% CI, 10.6-19.6%), 18.1% (14-22.2%), and 23.1% (18.3-27.9%) at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of visceral adipose tissue area, respectively (p = 0.001), with similar findings when using subcutaneous adipose tissue area as the adiposity measure.
CONCLUSIONS: Quantitation of abdominal adiposity using CT scans obtained for clinical reasons is feasible and highly reliable in critically ill trauma patients. Abdominal adiposity is independently associated with acute kidney injury in this population, confirming that excess adipose tissue contributes to the body mass index-acute kidney injury association. Further studies of the potential mechanisms linking adiposity with acute kidney injury are warranted.
Author List
Shashaty MG, Kalkan E, Bellamy SL, Reilly JP, Holena DN, Cummins K, Lanken PN, Feldman HI, Reilly MP, Udupa JK, Christie JDAuthor
Daniel N. Holena MD Professor in the Surgery department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Abdominal FatAcute Kidney Injury
Adult
Body Mass Index
Critical Illness
Female
Humans
Injury Severity Score
Intensive Care Units
Male
Middle Aged
Multiple Trauma
Obesity
Prospective Studies
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Wounds and Injuries
Wounds, Nonpenetrating
