Faculty Collaboration Database

Evaluation and Medical Management of the Pediatric Patient With Orbital Cellulitis/Abscess: A Systematic Review. J Hosp Med 2021 Nov;16(11):680-687

Date

11/04/2021

Pubmed ID

34730499

DOI

10.12788/jhm.3707

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85121956444 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   10 Citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pediatric orbital cellulitis/abscess (OCA) can lead to vision loss, intracranial extension of infection, or cavernous thrombosis if not treated promptly. No widely recognized guidelines exist for the medical management of OCA. The objective of this review was to summarize existing evidence regarding the role of inflammatory markers in distinguishing disease severity and need for surgery; the role of imaging in OCA evaluation; and the microbiology of OCA over the past 2 decades.

METHODS: This review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches were performed in MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCO), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), most recently on February 9, 2021.

RESULTS: A total of 63 studies were included. Most were descriptive and assessed to have poor quality with high risk of bias. The existing publications evaluating inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of OCA have inconsistent results. Computed tomography imaging remains the modality of choice for evaluating orbital infection. The most common organisms recovered from intraoperative cultures are Streptococcus species (Streptococcus anginosus group, group A Streptococcus, and pneumococcus) and Staphylococcus aureus. Methicillin-resistant S aureus in culture-positive cases had a median prevalence of 3% (interquartile range, 0%-13%).

CONCLUSION: This systematic review summarizes existing literature concerning inflammatory markers, imaging, and microbiology for OCA evaluation and management. High-quality evidence is still needed to define the optimal medical management of OCA.

Author List

Burek AG, Melamed S, Liljestrom T, Qi J, Kelly TG, Suelzer E, Mitchell M, Harris GJ, Havens PL

Authors

Alina G. Burek MD Assistant Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Gerald J. Harris MD Professor in the Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Teresa G. Kelly MD Associate Professor in the Radiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Tracey H. Liljestrom MD Assistant Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Michelle Mitchell MD Associate Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Jing Qi MD, PhD Associate Professor in the Radiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Test W. User test user title in the Anesthesiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Abscess
Child
Humans
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Orbital Cellulitis
Staphylococcal Infections
Tomography, X-Ray Computed