Management of SIADH-related hyponatremia due to psychotropic medications - An expert consensus from the Association of Medicine and Psychiatry. J Psychosom Res 2021 Dec;151:110654
Date
11/06/2021Pubmed ID
34739943Pubmed Central ID
PMC10911096DOI
10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110654Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85118328539 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 8 CitationsAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance encountered in clinical practice and is associated with negative healthcare outcomes and cost. SIADH is thought to account for one third of all hyponatremia cases and is typically an insidious process. Psychotropic medications are commonly implicated in the etiology of drug induced SIADH. There is limited guidance for clinicians on management of psychotropic-induced SIADH.
METHODS: After an extensive review of the existing literature, clinical-educators from the Association of Medicine and Psychiatry developed expert consensus recommendations for management of psychotropic-induced SIADH. A risk score was proposed based on risk factors for SIADH to guide clinical decision-making.
RESULTS: SSRIs, SNRIs, antipsychotics, carbamazepine, and oxcarbazepine have moderate to high level of evidence demonstrating their association with SIADH. Evaluation for an avoidance of medications that cause hyponatremia is particularly important. Substitution with medication that is less likely to cause SIADH should be considered when appropriate. We propose an algorithmic approach to monitoring hyponatremia with SIADH and corresponding treatment depending on symptom severity.
CONCLUSIONS: The proposed algorithm can help clinicians in determining whether psychotropic medication should be stopped, reduced or substituted where SIADH is suspected with recommendations for sodium (Na+) monitoring. These recommendations preserve a role for clinical judgment in the management of hyponatremia with consideration of the risks and benefits, which may be particularly relevant for complex patients that present with medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Further studies are needed to determine whether baseline and serial Na+ monitoring reduces morbidity and mortality.
Author List
Pinkhasov A, Xiong G, Bourgeois JA, Heinrich TW, Huang H, Coriolan S, Annamalai A, Mangal JP, Frankel S, Lang M, Raj YP, Dandois M, Barth K, Stewart AL, Rado J, Pesek J, Sanders A, Spearman-McCarthy EV, Gagliardi J, Fiedorowicz JGAuthor
Thomas W. Heinrich MD Professor in the Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
ConsensusHumans
Hyponatremia
Inappropriate ADH Syndrome
Psychiatry
Psychotropic Drugs
