Molecular landscape of prostate cancer: implications for current clinical trials. Cancer Treat Rev 2015 Nov;41(9):761-6
Date
07/27/2015Pubmed ID
26210103DOI
10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.07.001Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84945470634 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 56 CitationsAbstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a lethal disease, and improvement with androgen-deprivation therapy has plateaued. Next-generation sequencing studies have led to significant advances in our understanding of genomic alterations in prostate cancer. The most common genomic aberrations in this malignancy are the transcription factor fusion of TMPRSS2-ETS, and mutations in TP53, AR, RB1 and PTEN/PIK3CA. Some of these alterations are actionable by drugs available in the clinic. In addition, it was recently shown that aberrations in DNA repair genes, such as BRCA2 and ATM, are present in both somatic and germline form in a significant minority of prostate cancer; these abnormalities can be targeted by drugs such as platinums and PARP inhibitors. In the era of tumour profiling, targeting molecular alterations may provide an opportunity for new therapeutic approaches. Although there are promising new agents to attack a variety of genomic signal abnormalities, biomarker-matched therapy (other than for androgens) have been utilised in only 2.0% of clinical trials (September 2011 through September 2014; https://clinicaltrials.gov) for prostate cancer. Enhanced efforts to define subsets of patients with prostate cancer based on their molecular anomalies, and match them with cognate therapies, warrant investigation.
Author List
Khemlina G, Ikeda S, Kurzrock RAuthor
Razelle Kurzrock MD Center Associate Director, Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
AnimalsBiomarkers, Tumor
Clinical Trials as Topic
Humans
Male
Molecular Targeted Therapy
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant
