Faculty Collaboration Database

Respiratory viral infections are prevalent but uncomplicated in single ventricle CHD. Cardiol Young 2023 Apr;33(4):557-563

Date

04/20/2022

Pubmed ID

35438065

DOI

10.1017/S1047951122001287

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85129367725 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients with single ventricle CHD have significant morbidity and healthcare utilisation throughout their lifetime, including non-cardiac hospital admissions. Respiratory viral infections are the main cause of hospitalisation in children, but few data exist for single ventricle patients. We sought to identify how respiratory viral infections impact patients with single ventricle CHD and potential differences between Glenn and Fontan circulation.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of patients seen from 01/01/2011-12/31/2020. We identified patients with a history of single ventricle CHD and Glenn palliation, and a normoxic control group with isolated atrial septal defect requiring surgical closure. We compared viral-related clinical presentations, admissions, and admission characteristics.

RESULTS: A total of 312 patients were included (182 single ventricle, 130 atrial septal defect). Single ventricle patients were more likely than children with isolated atrial septal defect to be admitted with a respiratory virus (odds ratio 4.15 [2.30-7.46]), but there was no difference in mechanical ventilation or hospital length of stay (p = 0.4709). Single ventricle patients with Glenn circulation were more likely than those with Fontan circulation to present and be admitted (odds ratio 3.25 [1.62-6.52]), but there was no difference in ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or hospital length of stay (p = 0.1516).

CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory viral infections are prevalent but uncomplicated in patients with single ventricle CHD. Viral-related presentations and admissions are more prevalent during the period of Glenn circulation compared to Fontan circulation; however, rate of mechanical ventilation and hospital length of stay are similar.

Author List

Calley BJ, Zhang L, Pan AY, Ginde S, Kindel SJ, Spearman AD

Authors

Salil Ginde MD, MPH Associate Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Steven J. Kindel MD Associate Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Amy Y. Pan PhD Associate Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Andrew Spearman MD Assistant Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Child
Fontan Procedure
Heart Defects, Congenital
Heart Septal Defects, Atrial
Heart Ventricles
Humans
Infant
Retrospective Studies
Treatment Outcome
Virus Diseases