Faculty Collaboration Database

Red Light Mitigates the Deteriorating Placental Extracellular Matrix in Late Onset of Preeclampsia and Improves the Trophoblast Behavior. J Pregnancy 2022;2022:3922368

Date

05/03/2022

Pubmed ID

35494491

Pubmed Central ID

PMC9045993

DOI

10.1155/2022/3922368

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85129568653 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy disorder which in extreme cases may lead to maternal and fetal injury or death. Preexisting conditions which increase oxidative stress, e.g., hypertension and diabetes, increase the mother's risk to develop preeclampsia. Previously, we established that when the extracellular matrix is exposed to oxidative stress, trophoblast function is impaired, and this may lead to improper placentation. We investigated how the oxidative ECM present in preeclampsia alters the behavior of first trimester extravillous trophoblasts. We demonstrate elevated levels of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and lipid oxidation end product 4-hydroxynonenal in preeclamptic ECM (28%, and 32% increase vs control, respectively) accompanied with 35% and 82% more 3-chlorotyrosine and 3-nitrotyrosine vs control, respectively. Furthermore, we hypothesized that 670 nm phototherapy, which has antioxidant properties, reverses the observed trophoblast dysfunction as depicted in the improved migration and reduction in apoptosis. Since NO is critical for placentation, we examined eNOS activity in preeclamptic placentas compared to healthy ones and found no differences; however, 670 nm light treatment triggered enhanced NO availability presumably by using alternative NO sources. Light exposure decreased apoptosis and restored trophoblast migration to levels in trophoblasts cultured on preeclamptic ECM. Moreover, 670 nm irradiation restored expression of Transforming Growth Factor (TGFβ) and Placental Growth Factor (PLGF) to levels observed in trophoblasts cultured on healthy placental ECM. We conclude the application of 670 nm light can successfully mitigate the damaged placental microenvironment of late onset preeclampsia as depicted by the restored trophoblast behavior.

Author List

Griffin J, Krolikowski JG, Kounga K, Struve J, Keszler A, Lindemer B, Bordas M, Broeckel G, Lohr NL, Weihrauch D

Authors

Agnes Keszler PhD Research Scientist I in the Biophysics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Dorothee Weihrauch DVM, PhD Research Scientist II in the Anesthesiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Extracellular Matrix
Female
Humans
Placenta
Placenta Growth Factor
Placentation
Pre-Eclampsia
Pregnancy
Trophoblasts