Faculty Collaboration Database

The effects of premedication on inhaled induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane. Anesth Analg 1997 Nov;85(5):1143-8

Date

11/14/1997

Pubmed ID

9356116

DOI

10.1097/00000539-199711000-00034

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-0030819670 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   36 Citations

Abstract

UNLABELLED: The effects of premedication with midazolam (M), fentanyl (F), or both (B) on induction of anesthesia via a mask with sevoflurane (S) were assessed in 24 healthy volunteers who participated on three occasions, receiving either intravenous (IV) F (2.4 microg/kg), M (36 microg/kg), or B (0.6 microg/kg F, 9 microg/kg M) 5 min before three vital capacity breaths of 8% S, 66% N2O, and O2. At loss of lid-lash reflex (LLR), ventilation was manually assisted until a randomly assigned time of administration was attained, at which time laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation were attempted. The effective times for 50% of subjects (ET50) to loss of LLR were 64 s for M and B and 54 s for F (P < 0.05). The ET50 to acceptable intubating conditions were 4.3, 3.1 and 2.5 min for F, M, and B, respectively. F resulted in more airway management difficulties than M or B. Heart rate was slightly increased before intubation in M. Heart rate increases after intubation were least in F, intermediate in B, and greatest in M. The time to achieve good intubating and airway conditions up to intubation was lowest with M or B. Anesthetic adjuvants did not improve the time to achieve loss of consciousness with anesthetic induction via the face mask with sevoflurane, but they significantly decreased the time to acceptable tracheal intubating conditions.

IMPLICATIONS: Adults can be anesthetized with very few side effects by breathing themselves to sleep with sevoflurane. Giving patients small doses of sedatives intravenously before they inhale an anesthetic can improve the speed and quality of the process of falling asleep.

Author List

Muzi M, Colinco MD, Robinson BJ, Ebert TJ

Author

Thomas J. Ebert MD, PhD Adjunct Professor in the Anesthesiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Administration, Inhalation
Adult
Analgesics, Opioid
Anesthesia, General
Anesthetics, Inhalation
Blood Pressure
Drug Interactions
Ethers
Female
Fentanyl
Heart Rate
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Intubation, Intratracheal
Laryngeal Masks
Male
Methyl Ethers
Midazolam
Premedication