Repair of a Complicated Calvarial Defect: Reconstruction of an Infected Wound With rhBMP-2. Ann Plast Surg 2016 Feb;76(2):205-10
Date
01/13/2016Pubmed ID
26756598DOI
10.1097/SAP.0000000000000515Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84955440346 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site) 3 CitationsAbstract
BACKGROUND: Management of the previously infected craniofacial defect remains a significant clinical challenge, posing obstacles such as wound healing complications, lack of donor site availability, and predisposition to failure of the repair. Optimal therapy would reconstruct like with like, without donor site morbidity. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)-mediated bone regeneration with the current standard of autologous bone graft for repair of previously infected calvarial defects.
METHODS: Nineteen adult New Zealand white rabbits underwent subtotal calvariectomy. Bone flaps were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus and replanted. After 1 week of infection, bone flaps were removed, and wounds were debrided, followed by 10 days of antibiotic treatment. After 6 weeks, animals underwent scar debridement followed by definitive reconstruction in 1 of 4 groups: empty control (n = 3), vehicle control (buffer solution on absorbable collagen sponge [ACS], n = 3), autologous bone graft (n = 3), or rhBMP-2 repair (rhBMP-2/ACS, n = 10). Animals underwent computed tomography imaging at 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperatively, followed by euthanization and histological analysis. Percent healing was determined by 3-dimensional analysis. A (time × group) 2-way analysis of variance was performed on healing versus treatment group and postoperative time.
RESULTS: At 6 weeks postoperatively, rhBMP-2/ACS and autologous bone graft resulted in 93% and 68% healing, respectively, whereas the empty and vehicle control treatment resulted in 27% and 26% healing (P < 0.001). Histologically, compared to autologous bone graft, bone in the rhBMP-2/ACS group was more cellular and more consistently continuous with wound margins.
CONCLUSIONS: The rhBMP-2 therapy is effective in achieving radiographic coverage of previously infected calvarial defects.
Author List
MacIsaac ZM, Shakir S, Naran S, Smith DM, Cray JJ, Nayar HS, Camison L, Kinsella CR Jr, Mooney MP, Cooper GM, Losee JEAuthor
Sameer Shakir MD Assistant Professor in the Plastic Surgery department at Medical College of WisconsinMESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold
Analysis of VarianceAnimals
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
Disease Models, Animal
Rabbits
Recombinant Proteins
Skull
Transforming Growth Factor beta
Transplantation, Autologous
Wound Healing
