Faculty Collaboration Database

Use of the 21-Item Test with children and adolescents 5 to 16 years of age. Appl Neuropsychol Child 2018;7(4):354-365

Date

07/15/2017

Pubmed ID

28707956

DOI

10.1080/21622965.2017.1346507

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-85023762053 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   2 Citations

Abstract

The goals of the present study were to: (a) collect preliminary normative data on the 21-Item Test in children and adolescents and to determine if cutoffs for biased responding in adults can be generalized to a younger population; (b) determine if Caucasian and Hispanic children perform differently on the test; and (c) ascertain the relationships of age and verbal intelligence with effort test performance. The 21-Item Test was administered to 153 children attending either a public (n = 96) or private (n = 57) school. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) was also administered to the private school sample. The results indicated that the 21-Item Test has potential as a tool for identifying children who do not put forth maximal effort during formal assessment and that the adult cutoffs appear applicable to children 8 years and older. Caucasian and Hispanic participants performed similarly on the test. Forced-choice scores ≤12 were associated with age and lower levels of performance on the Verbal Comprehension Index of the WISC-IV.

Author List

Ryan JJ, Blacksmith JL, Kreiner DS, Glass Umfleet L

Author

Laura Umfleet PsyD Associate Professor in the Neurology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adolescent
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Humans
Intelligence
Male
Malingering
Neuropsychological Tests
Reference Values
Wechsler Scales