Faculty Collaboration Database

Altered mitochondrial membrane potential, mass, and morphology in the mononuclear cells of humans with type 2 diabetes. Transl Res 2010 Jul;156(1):15-25

Date

07/14/2010

Pubmed ID

20621033

Pubmed Central ID

PMC2904361

DOI

10.1016/j.trsl.2010.04.001

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-77953583649 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   133 Citations

Abstract

Mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarization and morphologic changes are important in inflammatory cell activation. Despite the pathophysiologic relevance, no valid and reproducible method for measuring mitochondrial homeostasis in human inflammatory cells is available currently. The purpose of this study was to define and validate reproducible methods for measuring relevant mitochondrial perturbations and to determine whether these methods could discern mitochondrial perturbations in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is a condition associated with altered mitochondrial homeostasis. We employed 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1'3,3'-tetraethylbenzamidazol-carboncyanine (JC-1) to estimate mitochondrial membrane potential (Psi(m)) and acridine orange 10-nonyl bromide (NAO) to assess mitochondrial mass in human mononuclear cells isolated from blood. Both assays were reproducible. We validated our findings by electron microscopy and pharmacologic manipulation of Psi(m). We measured JC-1 and NAO fluorescence in the mononuclear cells of 27 T2DM patients and 32 controls. Mitochondria were more polarized (P = 0.02) and mitochondrial mass was lower in T2DM (P = 0.008). Electron microscopy demonstrated diabetic mitochondria were smaller, were more spherical, and occupied less cellular area in T2DM. Mitochondrial superoxide production was higher in T2DM (P = 0.01). Valid and reproducible measurements of mitochondrial homeostasis can be made in human mononuclear cells using these fluorophores. Furthermore, potentially clinically relevant perturbations in mitochondrial homeostasis in T2DM human mononuclear cells can be detected.

Author List

Widlansky ME, Wang J, Shenouda SM, Hagen TM, Smith AR, Kizhakekuttu TJ, Kluge MA, Weihrauch D, Gutterman DD, Vita JA

Authors

Dorothee Weihrauch DVM, PhD Research Scientist II in the Anesthesiology department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Michael E. Widlansky MD Associate Director, Professor in the Medicine department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adult
Aged
Aminoacridines
Benzimidazoles
Biomarkers
Carbocyanines
Cardiolipins
Case-Control Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Female
Fluorescent Dyes
Humans
Lymphocytes
Male
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
Middle Aged
Mitochondria
Monocytes
Reproducibility of Results
Superoxides