Faculty Collaboration Database

Interstage mortality after the Norwood procedure: Results of the multicenter Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012 Oct;144(4):896-906

Date

07/17/2012

Pubmed ID

22795436

Pubmed Central ID

PMC3985484

DOI

10.1016/j.jtcvs.2012.05.020

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-84866349208 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   302 Citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: For infants with single ventricle malformations undergoing staged repair, interstage mortality is reported at 2% to 20%. The Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial randomized subjects with a single morphologic right ventricle undergoing a Norwood procedure to a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (MBTS) or a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery shunt (RVPAS). The aim of this analysis was to explore the associations of interstage mortality and shunt type, and demographic, anatomic, and perioperative factors.

METHODS: Participants in the Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial who survived to discharge after the Norwood procedure were included (n = 426). Interstage mortality was defined as death postdischarge after the Norwood procedure and before the stage II procedure. Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were performed adjusting for site.

RESULTS: Overall interstage mortality was 50 of 426 (12%)-13 of 225 (6%) for RVPAS and 37 of 201 (18%) for MBTS (odds ratio [OR] for MBTS, 3.4; P < .001). When moderate to severe postoperative atrioventricular valve regurgitation (AVVR) was present, interstage mortality was similar between shunt types. Interstage mortality was independently associated with gestational age less than 37 weeks (OR, 3.9; P = .008), Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 2.6; P = .04), aortic atresia/mitral atresia (OR, 2.3; P = .03), greater number of post-Norwood complications (OR, 1.2; P = .006), census block poverty level (P = .003), and MBTS in subjects with no or mild postoperative AVVR (OR, 9.7; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS: Interstage mortality remains high at 12% and is increased with the MBTS compared with the RVPAS if postoperative AVVR is absent or mild. Preterm delivery, anatomic, and socioeconomic factors are also important. Avoiding preterm delivery when possible and close surveillance after Norwood hospitalization for infants with identified risk factors may reduce interstage mortality.

Author List

Ghanayem NS, Allen KR, Tabbutt S, Atz AM, Clabby ML, Cooper DS, Eghtesady P, Frommelt PC, Gruber PJ, Hill KD, Kaltman JR, Laussen PC, Lewis AB, Lurito KJ, Minich LL, Ohye RG, Schonbeck JV, Schwartz SM, Singh RK, Goldberg CS, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators

Author

Peter C. Frommelt MD Adjunct Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Blalock-Taussig Procedure
Heart Defects, Congenital
Heart Ventricles
Hemodynamics
Humans
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Infant Mortality
Infant, Newborn
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Logistic Models
Multivariate Analysis
North America
Norwood Procedures
Odds Ratio
Postoperative Complications
Prospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Time Factors
Treatment Outcome
Ventricular Function