Faculty Collaboration Database

Predicting left ventricular recovery after replacement of a regurgitant aortic valve in pediatric and young adult patients: is it ever too late? Pediatr Cardiol 2013 Mar;34(3):694-9

Date

10/12/2012

Pubmed ID

23052669

DOI

10.1007/s00246-012-0529-8

Scopus ID

2-s2.0-84879502183 (requires institutional sign-in at Scopus site)   12 Citations

Abstract

The management of pediatric and adolescent patients with pure aortic valve regurgitation remains challenging and controversial (Christos et al., Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 17:125-133, 2000; Gersony and Sommerville, ACC Curr J Rev 31:97-98, 2000; Hasaniya et al., J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 127:970-974, 2004; Sabet et al., Mayo Clin 74:14-26, 1999; Tweddell et al., J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 129:551-558, 2005). We evaluated pediatric and young adult patients who underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR) primarily for aortic regurgitation in an effort to identify preoperative echocardiographic variables that are predictive of left ventricular (LV) recovery following AVR. Twenty-one patients with severe aortic valve regurgitation who underwent AVR were identified. Retrospective chart review for each patient was performed and transthoracic echocardiograms prior to and 6-months after AVR were analyzed. Improvement in LV size based on preoperative LV end-systolic dimension index when compared to 6-months post-AVR was observed in 68% of the patients. Patients with persistent dilation of their left ventricles had a greater preoperative LV end-systolic dimension index (p ≤ 0.05), a greater preoperative LV end-systolic dimension z-score (p ≤ 0.002), and a lower preoperative ejection fraction (EF) (p ≤ 0.001). A similar trend was present between the two cohorts in regards to LV end-diastolic parameters (LV end-diastolic dimension index and z-score), with patients with abnormal LV size at 6-month follow-up having larger preoperative dimensions. Increasing LV systolic dimensions and declining EF appear to be predictors of poor LV recovery following AVR in pediatric and young adult patients. LV end-systolic indices appear to be more predictive than LV end-diastolic indices. AVR should be performed prior to severe LV enlargement defined as an LV end-systolic dimension z-score >4.5.

Author List

Cox DA, Walton K, Bartz PJ, Tweddell JS, Frommelt PC, Earing MG

Authors

Peter J. Bartz MD Chief, Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Peter C. Frommelt MD Adjunct Professor in the Pediatrics department at Medical College of Wisconsin
Kara E. Young MD Associate Professor in the Dermatology department at Medical College of Wisconsin

MESH terms used to index this publication - Major topics in bold

Adolescent
Age Factors
Analysis of Variance
Aortic Valve Insufficiency
Child
Child, Preschool
Cohort Studies
Echocardiography, Doppler
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
Hospitals, Pediatric
Humans
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
Male
Postoperative Care
Predictive Value of Tests
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Statistics, Nonparametric
Stroke Volume
Treatment Outcome
Ventricular Remodeling
Young Adult